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Somatostatin inhibition of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons: mediation by arachidonic acid and its metabolites.
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Schweitzer, Paul Madamba, Samuel G. Champagnat, Jean Siggins, George Robert |
| Copyright Year | 1993 |
| Abstract | We used electrophysiological methods in a slice preparation to study the mechanisms of somatostatin (SS) effects on hippocampal pyramidal neurons. SS hyperpolarizes hippocampal pyramidal neurons in part by augmenting the time- and voltage-dependent M-current (IM), which has been shown to be reduced by muscarinic agonists. The SS effects are abolished by the phospholipase A2 inhibitors 4-bromophenacyl bromide and quinacrine. Arachidonic acid (AA) mimics all the effects of SS on hippocampal pyramidal neurons. The effects of AA and SS on IM are blocked by the lipoxygenase inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid but not by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha, and I2 do not increase IM. However, the specific 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors 5,6-methanoleukotriene A4 methylester and 5,6-dehydroarachidonic acid both blocked the IM-augmenting action of either SS or AA. Leukotriene C4 (but not leukotriene B4) increases IM to the same extent as AA. IM was not altered by the 12-lipoxygenase product 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and SS effects were not altered by the 12-lipoxygenase inhibitor baicalein. These data implicate 5-lipoxygenase metabolite(s) (probably leukotriene C4) as a mediator for the IM-augmenting effect of SS. In addition, when the IM effect is blocked by lipoxygenase inhibitors, both SS and AA elicit another outward current that is not blocked by either lipoxygenase or cyclooxygenase inhibitors, suggesting a direct role of AA itself distinct from the IM effect. SS did not alter significantly Ca(2+)-dependent action potentials or, in whole-cell recordings, inward currents likely to represent high-threshold Ca2+ currents. The combined results of these studies suggest that SS hyperpolarizes hippocampal neurons by two mechanisms, both mediated through the AA system. However, one mechanism (IM) involves a metabolite of AA and is most effective at slightly depolarized potentials, whereas the other may involve AA itself and be more effective at membrane potentials near rest. |
| Starting Page | 85 |
| Ending Page | 91 |
| Page Count | 7 |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/13/5/2033.full.pdf |
| PubMed reference number | 8097529v1 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Journal | The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | 4-bromophenacyl bromide Action Potentials Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase Arachidonic Acid CA1 field CD19 Antigens Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors Dinoprostone Indomethacin Leukotriene B4 Leukotriene C4 Leukotrienes Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Masoprocol Membrane Potentials Metabolite Muscarinic Agonists Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors Prostaglandins Pyramidal Cells Quinacrine Somatostatin baicalein |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
