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CountMe! - Low Cost Crowd Counting using Audio Tones
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Kannan, Pravein G. Venkatagiri, Seshadri Padmanabha Chan, Mun Choon Ananda, A. L. Peh, Li-Shiuan |
| Copyright Year | 2008 |
| Abstract | With mobile devices becoming ubiquitous, collaborative applications have become increasingly pervasive. In these applications, there is a strong need to obtain a count of the number of mobile devices present in an area, as it closely approximates the size of the crowd. Ideally, a crowd counting solution should be easy to deploy, scalable, energy efficient, be minimally intrusive to the user and reasonably accurate. Existing solutions using data communication or RFID do not meet these criteria. We propose a crowd counting solution based on audio tones, using the microphones and speaker phones that are commonly available on most phones, addressing the above criteria. 2. SYSTEM DESIGN We propose a simple algorithm called Unique Frequency approach and more advanced duplicate in-sensitive, probabilistic counting algorithm which is similar to those used in RFID counting. The unique frequency approach associates a single unique frequency as id for each mobile device. Mobile devices also listen to frequency tones emitted by other devices, stores and plays the tones simultaneously and periodically. The count is the number of unique frequencies in the emitter list. Probabilistic Counting (PC) algorithm is similar to the unique frequency approach, except that, each mobile has an id (geometric distributed ids). R is the bit position of the rightmost zero in the id(bit-pattern). Each frequency tone represents a bit in the bit-pattern. For PC algorithm, counting is performed multiple times and average value E(R) obtained. The final count N is calculated as |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | http://www.hotmobile.org/2012/papers/dandp/CountMe-HotMobile.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
