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Genetic toxicity studies of organic chemicals found as contaminants in spacecraft cabin atmospheres
| Content Provider | Semantic Scholar |
|---|---|
| Author | Torres, Joseph J. |
| Copyright Year | 1987 |
| Abstract | GENETIC TOXICITY S_'JDIES OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS FOUND AS CONTAMINANTS IN SPACECRAFT CABIN ATMOSPHERES Joseph Torres Jr., Ph.D. Assistant Professor Department of Biological Sciences Southeastern Louisiana University ABSTRACT Astronauts can be exposed during spaceflight to organic chemical contaminants in the spacecraft cabin atmosphere. Toxic exposures may cause lesions in the cellular DNA which are subsequently expressed as sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE). Analysis of SCE is a sensitive shortterm assay technique to detect and quantitate exposures to DNA-damaging (mutagenic) substances. The increase in SCE incidence over baseline (control) levels is generally proportional to the concentration of the mutagen and to the duration of exposure. The BHK-21 baby hamster kidney cell line was the in vitro test system used for this study. Test organics were added to the culture media for 18 hours, in concentrations ranging from one to 20 parts per million (ppm). Acetaldehyde and carbon disulfide were chosen for this study since they have occurred as atmospheric contaminants in many of the STS flights, and have been reported to have toxic and mutagenic effects in various test systems. Glutaraldehyde was chosen because few data are available on the mutagenicity of this common fixative, which is carried on STS flights for use in biological experiments. Acetaldehyde was a very strong inducer of SCE at concentrations of 2 ppm and above. Glutaraldehyde and carbon disulfide failed to induce SCE. |
| File Format | PDF HTM / HTML |
| Alternate Webpage(s) | https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19870016464.pdf |
| Language | English |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
