NDLI: Soft-bottom Marine Benthos

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Soft-bottom Marine Benthos

Content Provider	Scilit
Author	Pan, Jerónimo Pratolongo, D.
Copyright Year	2021
Description	The term benthos applies to the organisms that inhabit ocean bottoms. Benthos distribution is controlled by a combination of factors such as sediment granulometry, dissolved O2, OM content, as well as disturbance and pollution. Functional classifications of soft-bottom marine benthos may follow different criteria, namely, size (micro-, meio- and macrobenthos); habitat preference (epifauna, infauna); feeding strategies (shredders, grazers, suspension- and deposit feeders); type of carnivory (predators and scavengers); or their contribution to sediment stability and/or erodibility (stabilizers and bioturbators). Deep-sea benthic ecosystems harbor a high biological diversity and several hypotheses have been invoked to explain such diversity and distribution patterns. Deep-sea ecosystems may be divided into two major groups, heterotrophic and chemosynthetic habitats, in relation to the energy fuelling them. Soft-bottom ecosystems play a major role in nutrient regeneration, through the processing of OM coming from different sources. The pelagic and benthic sub-systems are interconnected through physical or biologically-mediated processes, collectively known as benthic-pelagic coupling (BPC). Suspension-feeding, an example of biological BPC, is an energy-acquisition strategy convergently evolved among many phyla of marine organisms, that targets a profit from the large amount of particles suspended in seawater. There is no analogous mechanism to suspension-feeding in terrestrial ecology. Book Name: Marine Biology A Functional Approach to the Oceans and their Organisms
Related Links	https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9780429399244-10&type=chapterpdf
Ending Page	210
Page Count	31
Starting Page	180
DOI	10.1201/9780429399244-10
Language	English
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publisher Date	2021-12-23
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Book Name: Marine Biology A Functional Approach To the Oceans and Their Organisms Benthos Diversity Functional Benthic Feeding Suspension Marine Soft Bottom
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Chapter

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