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Modifying the rumen environment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
| Content Provider | Scilit |
|---|---|
| Author | Ban, Yajing Neves, L. A. Guan, Le Luo McAllister, Tim |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Book Name: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production |
| Abstract | 1 Introduction The dramatic increase in the human population - estimated to reach 9.7 billion people by the year 2050 - will require an approximately 25% increase in gross agricultural output between 2020 and 2050 to meet the global food demand of humanity (FAO 2018; Nations 2019). However, increased animal production has placed an added strain on the environment as a result of the production of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (Huws et al. 2018) and nutrient accumulation in intensive livestock systems (Tullo et al. 2019). Ruminant production produces a number of GHGs including carbon dioxide $(CO_{2}$) mainly due to the use of fossil fuels, methane $(CH_{4}$) from enteric fermentation and manure, and nitrous oxide $(N_{2}$O) from manure and nitrogen fertilizer (Lynch and Pierrehumbert 2019). $CH_{4}$ is a particularly prominent GHG, as it has a global warming potential that is 28 times greater than that of $CO_{2}$ (Jackson et al. 2019). Globally, it has been shown that ruminants contribute about 11% of total anthropogenic GHG production, with approximately 6% arising from enteric $CH_{4}$ from ruminants (Rojas-Downing et al. 2017; Grossi et al. 2019; Beauchemin et al. 2020). In addition to the negative impacts on the environment, enteric $CH_{4}$ emissions can also represent a 2-12% loss in gross energy intake (Johnson and Johnson 1995). Theoretically, if this energy loss could be reduced through mitigation technologies, the energy saved could be redirected toward meat and milk, improving production efficiency. Although the carbon footprint on an intensity basis from livestock husbandry has declined in the past 50 years owing to improvements in animal production efficiency, a trend that is expected to continue, the increasing demand for animal protein may limit the achievement of the Paris accord target of limiting temperature increases to 1.5°C above preindustrial levels (Ripple et al. 2014; Beauchemin et al. 2020; Leahy et al. 2020). Therefore, the mitigation of enteric $CH_{4}$ emissions is essential to a reduction of agricultural GHG emissions. |
| Related Links | https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9781003048213-11&type=chapterpdf |
| Ending Page | 330 |
| Page Count | 44 |
| Starting Page | 287 |
| DOI | 10.1201/9781003048213-11 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Informa UK Limited |
| Publisher Date | 2021-07-13 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Book Name: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Livestock Production Greenhouse Gas Emissions Nitrogen Fertilizer Energy Saved Animal Production Demand Livestock Beauchemin Et Al Gross |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
