NDLI: Mussel-inspired one-pot synthesis of transition metal and nitrogen co-doped carbon (M/N–C) as efficient oxygen catalysts for Zn-air batteries

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Zhang, Xiao Ge, Xiaoming Chai, Jianwei Du, Guojun Hor, T. S. Andy Zhang, Hua Chen, Ye Li, Bing Liu, Zhaolin Zong, Yun
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Transition metal and nitrogen co-doping into carbon is an effective approach to promote the catalytic activities towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and/or oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in the resultant electrocatalysts, M/N–C. The preparation of such catalysts, however, is often complicated and in low yield. Herein we report a robust approach for easy synthesis of M/N–C hybrids in high yield, which includes a mussel-inspired polymerization reaction at room temperature and a subsequent carbonization process. With the introduction of selected transition metal salts into an aqueous solution of dopamine (DA), the obtained mixture self-polymerizes to form metal-containing polydopamine (M-PDA) composites, e.g. Co-PDA, Ni-PDA and Fe-PDA. Upon carbonization at elevated temperatures, these metal-containing composites were converted into M/N–C, i.e. Co-PDA-C, Ni-PDA-C and Fe-PDA-C, respectively, whose morphologies, chemical compositions, and electrochemical performances were fully studied. Enhanced ORR activities were found in all the obtained hybrids, with Co-PDA-C standing out as the most promising catalyst with excellent stability and catalytic activities towards both ORR and OER. This was further proven in Zn-air batteries (ZnABs) in terms of discharge voltage stability and cycling performance. At a discharge–charge current density of 2 mA cm−2 and 1 h per cycle, the Co-PDA-C based ZnABs were able to steadily cycle up to 500 cycles with only a small increase in the discharge–charge voltage gap which notably outperformed Pt/C; at a discharge current density of 5 mA cm−2, the battery continuously discharged for more than 540 h with the discharge voltage above 1 V and a voltage drop rate of merely 0.37 mV h−1. With the simplicity and scalability of the synthetic approach and remarkable battery performances, the Co-PDA-C hybrid catalyst is anticipated to play an important role in practical ZnABs.
Starting Page	5067
Ending Page	5075
Page Count	9
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20403364
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	9
Journal	Nanoscale
DOI	10.1039/c5nr06538k
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Carbonization Dopamine Redox Oxygen evolution Polymerization Electrochemistry Transition metal Nitrogen Carbon Current density
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

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