NDLI: Spectral triangulation: a 3D method for locating single-walled carbon nanotubes in vivo

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Beckingham, Kathleen M. Lin, Ching-Wei Vu, Michael Bachilo, Sergei M. Weisman, R. Bruce
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Nanomaterials with luminescence in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region are of special interest for biological research and medical diagnostics because of favorable tissue transparency and low autofluorescence backgrounds in that region. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) show well-known sharp SWIR spectral signatures and therefore have potential for noninvasive detection and imaging of cancer tumours, when linked to selective targeting agents such as antibodies. However, such applications face the challenge of sensitively detecting and localizing the source of SWIR emission from inside tissues. A new method, called spectral triangulation, is presented for three dimensional (3D) localization using sparse optical measurements made at the specimen surface. Structurally unsorted SWCNT samples emitting over a range of wavelengths are excited inside tissue phantoms by an LED matrix. The resulting SWIR emission is sampled at points on the surface by a scanning fibre optic probe leading to an InGaAs spectrometer or a spectrally filtered InGaAs avalanche photodiode detector. Because of water absorption, attenuation of the SWCNT fluorescence in tissues is strongly wavelength-dependent. We therefore gauge the SWCNT–probe distance by analysing differential changes in the measured SWCNT emission spectra. SWCNT fluorescence can be clearly detected through at least 20 mm of tissue phantom, and the 3D locations of embedded SWCNT test samples are found with sub-millimeter accuracy at depths up to 10 mm. Our method can also distinguish and locate two embedded SWCNT sources at distinct positions.
Starting Page	10348
Ending Page	10357
Page Count	10
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20403364
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	19
Journal	Nanoscale
DOI	10.1039/c6nr01376g
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Triangulation Infrared Antibody Autofluorescence Luminescence Fluorescence Nanomaterials Spectrometer Avalanche photodiode Composite material Three-dimensional space Carbon nanotube Indium gallium arsenide Cancer
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

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