NDLI: Synthesis of hollow TiO<sub>2</sub>@N-doped carbon with enhanced electrochemical capacitance by an <i>in situ</i> hydrothermal process using hexamethylenetetramine

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 19

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 9

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 8

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 7

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 6

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 2 Issue - 5

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol -1

Synthesis of hollow TiO₂@N-doped carbon with enhanced electrochemical capacitance by an in situ hydrothermal process using hexamethylenetetramine

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Kim, Jung Ho Yu, Jong-Sung Bhattacharjya, Dhrubajyoti
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	A unique and novel soft template-based hydrothermal approach was developed for the synthesis of hollow TiO2 and hollow TiO2@N-doped carbon. The synthesis strategy involves the slow hydrolysis of hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) at 100 °C in the presence of a block copolymer (Pluronic F127) as the surfactant, resorcinol as the polymer precursor and titanium salt as the metal oxide precursor to form a hollow composite nanostructure consisting of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) covered with a resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) polymer shell. Hydrolysis of HMTA provides a gradual and controlled supply of hydroxide ions, formaldehyde and ammonia. The resulting ammonia initiates the polymerization reaction of the generated formaldehyde with resorcinol to produce an RF–polymer framework over the TiO2 NPs thereby generating TiO2@RF polymer particles, which in turn self-assemble to form a hollow TiO2@RF polymer composite nanostructure. Subsequent pyrolysis under an N2 atmosphere produces a hollow TiO2 nanostructure covered with a thin layer of N-doped carbon. The resulting novel nanostructure not only possesses a high surface area of 310 m2 g−1, but also provides a protective N-doped carbon layer. As a result, this hollow TiO2@N-doped carbon material demonstrates high potential as an electrode material for use as an electrochemical capacitor with high specific capacitance and high durability. Interestingly, this work proceeds through a very effective, simple one-pot synthesis route to generate novel hollow TiO2 composite structures, and will enable the synthesis of various active hollow metal oxide@N-doped carbon and/or hollow organic–inorganic hydride nanocomposite materials for many possible applications.
Starting Page	11472
Ending Page	11479
Page Count	8
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20507488
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	29
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry A
DOI	10.1039/c4ta00928b
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Hydrothermal synthesis Carbon Hydrolysis Hexamethylenetetramine Copolymer Surfactant Resorcinol Polymer Titanium Nanostructure Hydroxide Formaldehyde Ammonia Polymerization Pyrolysis Electrode Electrochemistry Capacitor Capacitance One-pot synthesis Hydride Nanocomposite
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Materials Science

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