NDLI: Influence of doping on the cation ordering and charge–discharge behavior of LiMn1.5Ni0.5−xMxO4 (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) spinels between 5.0 and 2.0 V

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Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 1 Issue - 8

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 1 Issue - 7

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 1 Issue - 6

Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol - 1 Issue - 5

Influence of doping on the cation ordering and charge–discharge behavior of LiMn_1.5Ni_0.5−xM_xO₄ (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) spinels between 5.0 and 2.0 V

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Manthiram, Arumugam Lee, Eun-Sung
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The charge–discharge behaviors of doped high-voltage spinel oxides LiMn1.5Ni0.5−xMxO4 (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) have been investigated between 5.0 and 2.0 V before and after post-annealing at 700 °C. It is found that the discharge profiles of LiMn1.5Ni0.5−xMxO4 below 3 V are influenced by the dopant ions due to the variations in lattice strain during lithium ion insertion into 16c octahedral sites caused by the differences in the degree of cation ordering in the 16d sites of the spinel lattice. The differences in the degree of cation ordering can be attributed to the size differences between the Mn4+ and M3+ (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) ions. Furthermore, after post-annealing at 700 °C, the degree of cation ordering in the 16d sites of the undoped and Fe-doped samples increases, as supported by the discharge profile below 3 V, decrease in lattice parameter, and a reduction in microstrain. In contrast, the highest degree of cation disorder in the 16d sites is found with Co doping due to the uniform distribution of the Co dopant ions in the bulk and the lower concentration of Ni2+ ions in the bulk compared to the other doped samples that encounter a segregation of the dopant ions to the surface. The study demonstrates that the charge–discharge behavior below 3 V is an effective way to assess precisely the degree of cation ordering in the 5 V spinels.
Starting Page	3118
Ending Page	3126
Page Count	9
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20507488
Volume Number	1
Issue Number	9
Journal	Journal of Materials Chemistry A
DOI	10.1039/c2ta01171a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Gallium Dopant Bravais lattice Ion BMW M3 Lattice constant Discrete uniform distribution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Materials Science

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Influence of doping on the cation ordering and charge–discharge behavior of LiMn_1.5Ni_0.5−xM_xO₄ (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) spinels between 5.0 and 2.0 V