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| Content Provider | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Wyers, G. P. Miners, B. Tang, Y. S. Sutton, M. A. Milford, C. Fowler, D. Duyzer, J. H. |
| Copyright Year | 2001 |
| Abstract | An inter-comparison of techniques for long-term sampling of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) was conducted with a view to establishing a national network with >50 sites. Key requirements were for: a low cost system, simplicity and durability to enable a postal exchange with local site operators, a precision of <±20% for monthly sampling at expected NH3 concentrations of 1–2 µg m−3, a detection limit sufficient to resolve the small NH3 concentrations (<0.2 µg m−3) expected in remote parts of the UK, and a quantitative means to establish quality control. Five sampling methods were compared: A, a commercially available membrane diffusion tube (exposed in triplicate), with membranes removed immediately after sampling; B, the above method, with the membranes left in place until analysis; C, open-ended diffusion tubes (exposed with 4 replicates); D, a new active sampling diffusion denuder system; and E, an active sampling bubbler system. Method D consisted of two 0.1 m acid coated glass denuders in series with sampling at ≈0.3 l min−1. These methods were deployed at 6 locations in the UK and the Netherlands and compared against reference estimates. Method D was the most precise and sensitive of the techniques compared, with a detection limit of <0.1 µg m−3. The bubbler provided a less precise estimate of NH3 concentration, and also suffered several practical drawbacks. The diffusion tubes were found to correlate with the reference at high concentrations (>3 µg m−3), but were less precise and overestimated NH3 at smaller concentrations. Of the passive methods, A was the most precise and C the least precise. On the basis of the results, method D has been implemented in the national network, together with application of method A to explore spatial variability in regions with expected high NH3 concentrations. |
| Starting Page | 446 |
| Ending Page | 453 |
| Page Count | 8 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 14640325 |
| Volume Number | 3 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Journal | Journal of Environmental Monitoring |
| DOI | 10.1039/b102303a |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | UK Netherlands Ammonia Diffusion Acid |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law |
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