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Faraday Discussions Vol -99

The effect of sodium species on methanol synthesis and water–gas shift Cu/ZnO catalysts: utilising high purity zincian georgeite

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Hayward, James S. Shaw, Greg Spencer, Michael S. Taylor, Stuart H. Kondrat, Simon A. Pudge, Geoffrey J. Carter, James H. Bartley, Jonathan K. Smith, Paul J. Hutchings, Graham J.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	The effect of sodium species on the physical and catalytic properties of Cu/ZnO catalysts derived from zincian georgeite has been investigated. Catalysts prepared with <100 ppm to 2.1 wt% Na+, using a supercritical CO2 antisolvent technique, were characterised and tested for the low temperature water–gas shift reaction and also CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. It was found that zincian georgeite catalyst precursor stability was dependent on the Na+ concentration, with the 2.1 wt% Na+-containing sample uncontrollably ageing to malachite and sodium zinc carbonate. Samples with lower Na+ contents (<100–2500 ppm) remained as the amorphous zincian georgeite phase, which on calcination and reduction resulted in similar CuO/Cu particle sizes and Cu surface areas. The aged 2.1 wt% Na+ containing sample, after calcination and reduction, was found to comprise of larger CuO crystallites and a lower Cu surface area. However, calcination of the high Na+ sample immediately after precipitation (before ageing) resulted in a comparable CuO/Cu particle size to the lower (<100–2500 ppm) Na+ containing samples, but with a lower Cu surface area, which indicates that Na+ species block Cu sites. Activity of the catalysts for the water–gas shift reaction and methanol yields in the methanol synthesis reaction correlated with Na+ content, suggesting that Na+ directly poisons the catalyst. In situ XRD analysis showed that the ZnO crystallite size and consequently Cu crystallite size increased dramatically in the presence of water in a syn-gas reaction mixture, showing that stabilisation of nanocrystalline ZnO is required. Sodium species have a moderate effect on ZnO and Cu crystallite growth rate, with lower Na+ content resulting in slightly reduced rates of growth under reaction conditions.
Starting Page	287
Ending Page	307
Page Count	21
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	13596640
Volume Number	197
Journal	Faraday Discussions
DOI	10.1039/c6fd00202a
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Cu Supercritical fluid Hydrogenation Methanol Malachite Smithsonite Calcination Copper(II) oxide X-ray crystallography Crystallite
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

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