NDLI: Chemical, ultrastructural and supramolecular analysis of tension wood in <i>Populus tremula</i> x <i>alba</i> as a model substrate for reduced recalcitrance

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Energy & Environmental Science Vol - 4 Issue - 9

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Energy & Environmental Science Vol -1

Chemical, ultrastructural and supramolecular analysis of tension wood in Populus tremula x alba as a model substrate for reduced recalcitrance

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Jawdy, Sara Hubbell, Christopher A. Samuel, Reichel Jung, Seokwon Zeng, Yining Davis, Mark Fan, Hu Ding, Shi-You Kalluri, Udaya Tuskan, Gerald A. Foston, Marcus Gjersing, Erica Ragauskas, Arthur J. Sykes, Robert
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Biomass is one of the most abundant potential sustainable sources for fuel and material production, however to fully realize this potential an improved understanding of lignocellulosic recalcitrance must be developed. In an effort to appreciate the underlying phenotypic, biochemical and morphological properties associated with the reduced recalcitrance observed in tension stress-induced reaction wood, we report the increased enzymatic sugar yield and corresponding chemical and ultrastructural properties of Populus tension wood. Populus tremula x alba (PTA) was grown under tension and stem segments containing three different wood types: normal wood (NW), tension wood (TW) from the elongated stem side and opposite wood (OW) from the compressed stem side were collected. A variety of analytical techniques were used to describe changes occurring as a result of the tension stress-induced formation of a gelatinous cell wall layer (G-layer). For example, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that the molecular weight and crystallinity of cellulose in TW is greater than that of cellulose acquired from NW. Whole cell ionic liquid and other solid-state NMR analysis detailed the structure of lignin and hemicellulose in the samples, detecting the presence of variations in lignin and hemicellulose sub-units, linkages and semi-quantitatively estimating the relative amounts of syringyl (S), guaiacyl (G) and p-hydroxybenzoate (PB) monolignol units. It was confirmed that TW displayed an increase in PB or H-like lignin and S to G ratio from 1.25 to 1.50 when compared to the NW sample. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) were also used to evaluate the morphology and corresponding spatial distribution of the major lignocellulosic components. We found changes in a combination of cell wall properties appear to influence recalcitrance more than any single factor alone.
Starting Page	4962
Ending Page	4971
Page Count	10
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	12
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c1ee02073k
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	PTA TW Biomass Wood Carbohydrate Populus Populus tremula Outerwear Cell wall Gel permeation chromatography Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance Nuclear magnetic resonance Cellulose Ionic liquid Lignin Hemicellulose Monolignol Scanning electron microscope Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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Chemical, ultrastructural and supramolecular analysis of tension wood in Populus tremula x alba as a model substrate for reduced recalcitrance

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Chemical, ultrastructural and supramolecular analysis of tension wood in Populus tremula x alba as a model substrate for reduced recalcitrance