NDLI: Porous carbon nanofiber–sulfur composite electrodes for lithium/sulfur cells

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Ji, Liwen Rao, Mumin Aloni, Shaul Zhang, Yuegang Wang, Lei Cairns, Elton J.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Sulfur (S) encapsulated in porous carbon nanofibers (CNFs) was synthesized viaelectrospinning, carbonization and solution-based chemical reaction–deposition method. The chemical reaction–deposition strategy provides intimate contact between the S and the CNFs. This would not necessarily be the case for other reported methods, such as ball milling and thermal treatment. These novel porous carbon nanofiber–sulfur (CNF–S) nanocomposites with various S loadings showed high reversible capacity, good discharge capacity retention and enhanced rate capability when they were used as cathodes in rechargeable Li/S cells. We demonstrated here that an electrode prepared from a porous CNF–S nanocomposite with 42 wt% S maintains a stable discharge capacity of about 1400 mA h g−1 at 0.05 C, 1100 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C and 900 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C. We attribute the good electrochemical performance to the high electrical conductivity and the extremely high surface area of the CNFs that homogeneously disperse and immobilize S on their porous structures, alleviating the polysulfide shuttle phenomenon. SEM measurements showed that the porous CNF structures remained nearly unchanged even after 30 cycles' discharging/charging at 0.05 C.
Starting Page	5053
Ending Page	5059
Page Count	7
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	12
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c1ee02256c
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Carbon Carbonization Intimate Contact Electrode Nanocomposite Electrochemistry Electrical resistivity and conductivity Polysulfide
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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