NDLI: Influence of multivalent ions on renewable energy generation in reverse electrodialysis

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Veerman, Joost Saakes, Michel Nijmeijer, Kitty Vermaas, David A.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Renewable energy can be generated when mixing seawater and river water. This energy is captured in reverse electrodialysis (RED) using ion exchange membranes. Although natural sources of seawater and river water are composed of a mixture of monovalent and multivalent ions, laboratory research on RED is generally performed with artificial solutions of sodium chloride. This research demonstrates that the presence of magnesium- and sulphate ions in feed solutions with NaCl has a major effect on the obtained open circuit voltage and power density for three different membrane types. When using a mixture with a molar fraction of 10% MgSO4 and 90% of NaCl in both feed waters, the experimentally obtained power density in steady state decreases from 29% to 50% compared to the case where the feed solutions contain only NaCl as a salt. This effect is among others explained by the transport of Mg2+ and SO42− against their concentration gradient, as is elaborated in a theoretical framework and which is justified by experimental data. Non-stationary cases, where feed water is switched from a NaCl solution to a mixture of NaCl and MgSO4, show that the voltage response time is in the order of tens of minutes up to several hours, due to ion exchange between the membranes and the feed water. The knowledge gained from electrochemical measurements under stationary and non-stationary conditions and a novel technique to monitor the ion transport inside cation exchange membranes can be used to improve the obtained power density in practical applications of RED using natural feed water.
Starting Page	1434
Ending Page	1445
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	7
Issue Number	4
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c3ee43501f
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Renewable energy Reversed electrodialysis Ion Artificial Solutions Sodium chloride Magnesium Concentration Electrochemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Clean energy generation using capacitive electrodes in reverse electrodialysis

Towards understanding the nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis system: well matched charge selectivity and ionic composition

Elucidating the structure of the magnesium aluminum chloride complex electrolyte for magnesium-ion batteries

A novel low-cost sodium–zinc chloride battery

CO₂ extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis

Charge carriers in rechargeable batteries: Na ions vs. Li ions

Hierarchical zigzag Na_1.25V₃O₈ nanowires with topotactically encoded superior performance for sodium-ion battery cathodes

Corrosion of magnesium electrolytes: chlorides – the culprit

Aluminum storage behavior of anatase TiO₂ nanotube arrays in aqueous solution for aluminum ion batteries

Influence of multivalent ions on renewable energy generation in reverse electrodialysis

Similar Documents

Clean energy generation using capacitive electrodes in reverse electrodialysis

Towards understanding the nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis system: well matched charge selectivity and ionic composition

Elucidating the structure of the magnesium aluminum chloride complex electrolyte for magnesium-ion batteries

A novel low-cost sodium–zinc chloride battery

CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis

Charge carriers in rechargeable batteries: Na ions vs. Li ions

Hierarchical zigzag Na1.25V3O8 nanowires with topotactically encoded superior performance for sodium-ion battery cathodes

Corrosion of magnesium electrolytes: chlorides – the culprit

Aluminum storage behavior of anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays in aqueous solution for aluminum ion batteries

Influence of multivalent ions on renewable energy generation in reverse electrodialysis

CO₂ extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis

Hierarchical zigzag Na_1.25V₃O₈ nanowires with topotactically encoded superior performance for sodium-ion battery cathodes

Aluminum storage behavior of anatase TiO₂ nanotube arrays in aqueous solution for aluminum ion batteries