NDLI: Producing concentrated solutions of monosaccharides using biphasic CO<sub>2</sub>

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Li, Yuan Luterbacher, Jeremy S. Walker, Larry P. Tester, Jefferson W. Chew, Qinyi
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Sustainably producing concentrated solutions of monosaccharides from biomass is a key challenge facing the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels or bioproducts. Most pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis processes are run at low-solid concentration (<10 wt%) and use chemical catalysts, while most high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis experiments are performed with air-dried pretreated materials. Using optimally two-temperature stage CO2–H2O pretreated biomass substrates (210 °C 16 min, 160 °C, 60 min for mixed hardwood and 210 °C, 1 min, 160 °C, 60 min), high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis reactions were performed in a novel high-solids reaction system. With this system, twelve “rotating drum” reactors were run simultaneously in a controlled environment. Without additional chemical catalysts or any drying, two-temperature stage CO2–H2O pretreatment coupled with high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis produced monosaccharide solutions of 185 g L−1 for mixed hardwood and 149 g L−1 for switchgrass. Apart from results obtained with dilute acid pretreated corn stover, these are the most concentrated solutions obtained from biomass pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis without substrate drying. The corresponding glucan to glucose yields were above 80% for both types of biomass. Notably, these high yields were obtained because, similar to dilute acid pretreatment but unlike un-catalyzed pretreatment, our approach produced biomass that did not show decreasing yields with increasing enzymatic hydrolysis solid contents. These results suggest that CO2–H2O pretreatment is an attractive alternative to chemically catalyzed processes such as dilute acid pretreatment.
Starting Page	6990
Ending Page	7000
Page Count	11
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	17545692
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	5
Journal	Energy & Environmental Science
DOI	10.1039/c2ee02913h
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biomass Lignocellulosic biomass Bioproducts Hydrolysis Water Monosaccharide Panicum virgatum Acid Maize Stover Glucan Glucose
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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