NDLI: Characterization of silver ion dissolution from silver nanoparticles using fluorous-phase ion-selective electrodes and assessment of resultant toxicity to <i>Shewanella oneidensis</i>

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Characterization of silver ion dissolution from silver nanoparticles using fluorous-phase ion-selective electrodes and assessment of resultant toxicity to Shewanella oneidensis

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Chen, Li D. Maurer-Jones, Melissa A. Mousavi, Maral P. S. Bühlmann, Philippe Haynes, Christy L.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) dissolution, or ionization from Ag(0) to Ag+, is an important determinant of the nanoparticles' toxicity as silver ions are considered to be a major contributor to Ag NP cytotoxicity. In this work, we characterize ion dissolution from Ag NPs using a selective and dynamic technique, Ag+-selective electrodes (ISEs) with ionophore-doped fluorous sensing membranes. We examined dissolution of various concentrations of Ag NPs (0.3, 3, and 15 μg mL−1) in water and bacterial growth medium in real-time. A decrease in the concentration of free Ag+ was observed as a result of complexation with components of the growth medium. Overall, a greater percentage of the nanoparticles dissolve in growth medium than water (28% vs. 13%). Individual chemical components of the growth medium were examined for their complexation capability, and it was determined that ammonia–silver complexes are the predominant species of dissolved Ag+, with 8.9% occurring as AgNH3+, 87.8% occurring as Ag(NH3)2+, and only 3.3% occurring as free Ag+. After characterizing Ag NP dissolution in growth medium, the viability and growth of Shewanella oneidensis, a ubiquitous beneficial bacterium, were monitored upon exposure to the known in situ levels of Ag+ and Ag NPs. Ag+ and Ag NPs both caused a dose-dependent decrease in bacterial viability and growth rate, though the growth and viability changes upon Ag NP exposure did not correlate with the ISE-measured Ag+. Using ISEs to monitor Ag NP dissolution in the presence of S. oneidensis revealed that the presence of the organisms influences the nanoparticle dissolution profile, a result not previously reported that has significant implications for understanding nanotoxicity. This work lays the foundation for the use of fluorous-phase ISEs as an in situ nanoparticle characterization tool, addressing a critical technology gap in the field of nanoparticle toxicology.
Starting Page	2564
Ending Page	2572
Page Count	9
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20416520
Volume Number	4
Issue Number	6
Journal	Chemical Science
DOI	10.1039/c3sc50320h
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Ammonia NP Toxicology Ionization Nanoparticle Determinant Shewanella oneidensis Cytotoxicity Ion Ag NP Silver nanoparticle
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry

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