NDLI: Latency-Related Gene Encoded by Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Promotes Virus Growth and Reactivation from Latency in Tonsils of Infected Calves

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Perez, Sandra Inman, Melissa Doster, Alan Jones, Clinton
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Infection of calves with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) results in transient immunosuppression that may lead to bacterium-induced pneumonia and, occasionally, death. Although sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) are the primary site of BHV-1 latency, viral genomes are detected in the tonsils of latently infected calves. Dexamethasone (DEX) consistently induces reactivation from latency, and viral gene expression is detected in TG and tonsils. In sensory neurons of latently infected calves, the latency-related (LR) gene is abundantly expressed and is required for reactivation from latency. In the present study, we compared the abilities of wild-type (wt) BHV-1 and a strain with a mutation in the LR gene (the LR mutant strain) to grow in the tonsils of infected calves and reactivate from latency. Lower levels of the LR mutant virus were detected in the tonsils of acutely infected calves. LR mutant viral DNA was consistently detected by PCR in the tonsils of latently infected calves, suggesting that the establishment of a latent or persistent infection occurred. Although the LR mutant did not reactivate from latency in vivo after DEX treatment, explantation of tonsil tissue from calves latently infected with the LR mutant yielded infectious virus. Relative to wt BHV-1, the LR mutant did not induce explant-induced reactivation as efficiently. These studies indicate that the LR gene promotes virus shedding from tonsil tissue during acute infection and reactivation from latency in tonsil tissue in vivo. We suggest that incorporation of the LR gene mutation into existing modified live vaccines would prevent reactivation from latency in neural and nonneural sites and would thus prevent transmission to other animals.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.43.1.393-401.2005
Ending Page	401
Page Count	9
Starting Page	393
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00951137
e-ISSN	1098660X
Journal	Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	43
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2005-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Microbiology (medical) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Microbiology (medical)

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A Mutation in the Latency-Related Gene of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Disrupts the Latency Reactivation Cycle in Calves

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