NDLI: Eukaryotic Components Remodeled Chloroplast Nucleoid Organization during the Green Plant Evolution

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Kobayashi, Yusuke Takusagawa, Mari Harada, Naomi Fukao, Yoichiro Yamaoka, Shohei Takayuki, Kohchi Hori, Koichi Ohta, Hiroyuki Shikanai, Toshiharu Nishimura, Yoshiki
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Chloroplast (cp) DNA is thought to originate from the ancestral endosymbiont genome and is compacted to form nucleoprotein complexes, cp nucleoids. The structure of cp nucleoids is ubiquitously observed in diverse plants from unicellular algae to flowering plants and is believed to be a multifunctional platform for various processes, including cpDNA replication, repair/recombination, transcription, and inheritance. Despite its fundamental functions, the protein composition for cp nucleoids in flowering plants was suggested to be divergent from those of bacteria and algae, but the evolutionary process remains elusive. In this research, we aimed to reveal the evolutionary history of cp nucleoid organization by analyzing the key organisms representing the three evolutionary stages of eukaryotic phototrophs: the chlorophyte alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the charophyte alga Klebsormidium flaccidum, and the most basal land plant Marchantia polymorpha. To clarify the core cp nucleoid proteins in C. reinhardtii, we performed an LC-MS/MS analysis using highly purified cp nucleoid fractions and identified a novel SAP domain-containing protein with a eukaryotic origin as a constitutive core component. Then, homologous genes for cp nucleoid proteins were searched for in C. reinhardtii, K. flaccidum, and M. polymorpha using the genome databases, and their intracellular localizations and DNA binding activities were investigated by cell biological/biochemical analyses. Based on these results, we propose a model that recurrent modification of cp nucleoid organization by eukaryotic factors originally related to chromatin organization might have been the driving force for the diversification of cp nucleoids since the early stage of green plant evolution.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evv233
Ending Page	16
Page Count	16
Starting Page	1
File Format	PDF
ISSN	17596653
e-ISSN	17596653
Journal	Genome Biology and Evolution
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	8
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2016-01-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Oxford University Press
Subject Keyword	Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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