NDLI: Comparative Life Cycle Transcriptomics Revises Leishmania mexicana Genome Annotation and Links a Chromosome Duplication with Parasitism of Vertebrates

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Fiebig, Michael Kelly, Steven Eva, Gluenz
Editor	Myler, Peter John
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Leishmania spp. are protozoan parasites that have two principal life cycle stages: the motile promastigote forms that live in the alimentary tract of the sandfly and the amastigote forms, which are adapted to survive and replicate in the harsh conditions of the phagolysosome of mammalian macrophages. Here, we used Illumina sequencing of poly-A selected RNA to characterise and compare the transcriptomes of L. mexicana promastigotes, axenic amastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. These data allowed the production of the first transcriptome evidence-based annotation of gene models for this species, including genome-wide mapping of trans-splice sites and poly-A addition sites. The revised genome annotation encompassed 9,169 protein-coding genes including 936 novel genes as well as modifications to previously existing gene models. Comparative analysis of gene expression across promastigote and amastigote forms revealed that 3,832 genes are differentially expressed between promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. A large proportion of genes that were downregulated during differentiation to amastigotes were associated with the function of the motile flagellum. In contrast, those genes that were upregulated included cell surface proteins, transporters, peptidases and many uncharacterized genes, including 293 of the 936 novel genes. Genome-wide distribution analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that the tetraploid chromosome 30 is highly enriched for genes that were upregulated in amastigotes, providing the first evidence of a link between this whole chromosome duplication event and adaptation to the vertebrate host in this group. Peptide evidence for 42 proteins encoded by novel transcripts supports the idea of an as yet uncharacterised set of small proteins in Leishmania spp. with possible implications for host-pathogen interactions.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005186
Starting Page	1005186
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15537374
e-ISSN	15537374
Journal	PLoS Pathogens
Issue Number	10
Volume Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Publisher Date	2015-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Public Library of Science
Subject Keyword	Immunology Genetics Molecular Biology Microbiology Parasitology Virology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Virology Molecular Biology Parasitology Immunology Microbiology

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