NDLI: Facial Nerve Axotomy in Mice: A Model to Study Motoneuron Response to Injury

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Olmstead, Deborah N. Mesnard-hoaglin, Nichole A. Batka, Richard J. Haulcomb, Melissa M. Miller, Whitney M. Jones, Kathryn J.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The goal of this surgical protocol is to expose the facial nerve, which innervates the facial musculature, at its exit from the stylomastoid foramen and either cut or crush it to induce peripheral nerve injury. Advantages of this surgery are its simplicity, high reproducibility, and the lack of effect on vital functions or mobility from the subsequent facial paralysis, thus resulting in a relatively mild surgical outcome compared to other nerve injury models. A major advantage of using a cranial nerve injury model is that the motoneurons reside in a relatively homogenous population in the facial motor nucleus in the pons, simplifying the study of the motoneuron cell bodies. Because of the symmetrical nature of facial nerve innervation and the lack of crosstalk between the facial motor nuclei, the operation can be performed unilaterally with the unaxotomized side serving as a paired internal control. A variety of analyses can be performed postoperatively to assess the physiologic response, details of which are beyond the scope of this article. For example, recovery of muscle function can serve as a behavioral marker for reinnervation, or the motoneurons can be quantified to measure cell survival. Additionally, the motoneurons can be accurately captured using laser microdissection for molecular analysis. Because the facial nerve axotomy is minimally invasive and well tolerated, it can be utilized on a wide variety of genetically modified mice. Also, this surgery model can be used to analyze the effectiveness of peripheral nerve injury treatments. Facial nerve injury provides a means for investigating not only motoneurons, but also the responses of the central and peripheral glial microenvironment, immune system, and target musculature. The facial nerve injury model is a widely accepted peripheral nerve injury model that serves as a powerful tool for studying nerve injury and regeneration.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/52382
Starting Page	52382
File Format	PDF
ISSN	1940087X
e-ISSN	1940087X
Journal	Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE
Issue Number	96
Language	English
Publisher	MyJove Corporation
Publisher Date	2015-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	MyJove Corporation
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Immunology and Microbiology(all) Chemical Engineering(all) Neuroscience(all) Medicine(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Immunology and Microbiology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering

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