NDLI: A Genome-Wide Survey of Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Drosophila miRNAs Identifies the Steroid Hormone-Induced miRNA let-7 as a Regulator of Sexual Identity

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Fagegaltier, Delphine König, Annekatrin Gordon, Assaf Lai, Eric C. Gingeras, Thomas R. Hannon, Gregory J. Shcherbata, Halyna R.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	MiRNAs bear an increasing number of functions throughout development and in the aging adult. Here we address their role in establishing sexually dimorphic traits and sexual identity in male and female Drosophila. Our survey of miRNA populations in each sex identifies sets of miRNAs differentially expressed in male and female tissues across various stages of development. The pervasive sex-biased expression of miRNAs generally increases with the complexity and sexual dimorphism of tissues, gonads revealing the most striking biases. We find that the male-specific regulation of the X chromosome is relevant to miRNA expression on two levels. First, in the male gonad, testis-biased miRNAs tend to reside on the X chromosome. Second, in the soma, X-linked miRNAs do not systematically rely on dosage compensation. We set out to address the importance of a sex-biased expression of miRNAs in establishing sexually dimorphic traits. Our study of the conserved let-7-C miRNA cluster controlled by the sex-biased hormone ecdysone places let-7 as a primary modulator of the sex-determination hierarchy. Flies with modified let-7 levels present doublesex-related phenotypes and express sex-determination genes normally restricted to the opposite sex. In testes and ovaries, alterations of the ecdysone-induced let-7 result in aberrant gonadal somatic cell behavior and non-cell-autonomous defects in early germline differentiation. Gonadal defects as well as aberrant expression of sex-determination genes persist in aging adults under hormonal control. Together, our findings place ecdysone and let-7 as modulators of a somatic systemic signal that helps establish and sustain sexual identity in males and females and differentiation in gonads. This work establishes the foundation for a role of miRNAs in sexual dimorphism and demonstrates that similar to vertebrate hormonal control of cellular sexual identity exists in Drosophila.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.114.169268
Ending Page	668
Page Count	22
Starting Page	647
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00166731
e-ISSN	19432631
Journal	Genetics
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	198
Language	English
Publisher	Genetics Society of America
Publisher Date	2014-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Genetics Society of America
Subject Keyword	Genetics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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