NDLI: Expansion of CAG Repeats in Escherichia coli Is Controlled by Single-Strand DNA Exonucleases of Both Polarities

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Jackson, Adam Okely, Ewa A. Leach, David R. F.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The expansion of CAG·CTG repeat tracts is responsible for several neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington disease and myotonic dystrophy. Understanding the molecular mechanism of CAG·CTG repeat tract expansion is therefore important if we are to develop medical interventions limiting expansion rates. Escherichia coli provides a simple and tractable model system to understand the fundamental properties of these DNA sequences, with the potential to suggest pathways that might be conserved in humans or to highlight differences in behavior that could signal the existence of human-specific factors affecting repeat array processing. We have addressed the genetics of CAG·CTG repeat expansion in E. coli and shown that these repeat arrays expand via an orientation-independent mechanism that contrasts with the orientation dependence of CAG·CTG repeat tract contraction. The helicase Rep contributes to the orientation dependence of repeat tract contraction and limits repeat tract expansion in both orientations. However, RuvAB-dependent fork reversal, which occurs in a rep mutant, is not responsible for the observed increase in expansions. The frequency of repeat tract expansion is controlled by both the 5′–3′ exonuclease RecJ and the 3′–5′ exonuclease ExoI, observations that suggest the importance of both 3′and 5′ single-strand ends in the pathway of CAG·CTG repeat tract expansion. We discuss the relevance of our results to two competing models of repeat tract expansion.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.114.168245
Ending Page	517
Page Count	9
Starting Page	509
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00166731
e-ISSN	19432631
Journal	Genetics
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	198
Language	English
Publisher	Genetics Society of America
Publisher Date	2014-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Genetics Society of America
Subject Keyword	Genetics Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics

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