NDLI: Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Regulatory Proteins bICP0 and VP16 Are Readily Detected in Trigeminal Ganglionic Neurons Expressing the Glucocorticoid Receptor during the Early Stages of Reactivation from Latency

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Silva, Leticia Frizzo Da Kook, Insun Doster, Alan Jones, Clinton
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) establishes a lifelong latent infection in sensory neurons following acute infection. Increased corticosteroid levels, due to stress, increases the incidence of reactivation from latency. Within minutes, corticosteroids activate the glucocorticoid receptor and transcription of promoters containing a glucocorticoid receptor element. A single intravenous injection of the synthetic corticosteroid dexamethasone consistently induces reactivation from latency in calves. Lytic cycle viral gene expression is detected within 6 h after dexamethasone treatment of calves latently infected with BHV-1. Cellular transcription factors are induced by dexamethasone in trigeminal ganglionic neurons within 1.5 h after dexamethasone treatment, suggesting they promote viral gene expression during the early phases of reactivation from latency, which we operationally defined as the escape from latency. In this study, immunohistochemistry was utilized to examine viral protein expression during the escape from latency. Within 1.5 h after dexamethasone treatment, bICP0 and a late protein (VP16) were consistently detected in a subset of trigeminal ganglionic neurons. Most neurons expressing bICP0 also expressed VP16. Additional studies revealed that neurons expressing the glucocorticoid receptor also expressed bICP0 or VP16 at 1.5 h after dexamethasone treatment. Two other late proteins, glycoprotein C and D, were not detected until 6 h after dexamethasone treatment and were detected in only a few neurons. These studies provide evidence that VP16 and the promiscuous viral trans-activator (bICP0) are expressed during the escape from latency, suggesting they promote the production of infectious virus in a small subset of latently infected neurons.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01737-13
Ending Page	11222
Page Count	9
Starting Page	11214
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0022538X
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	20
Volume Number	87
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2013-10-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Virology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Regulatory Proteins bICP0 and VP16 Are Readily Detected in Trigeminal Ganglionic Neurons Expressing the Glucocorticoid Receptor during the Early Stages of Reactivation from Latency

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