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| Content Provider | PubMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Kreek, Mary Jeanne Orna, Levran Reed, Brian Schlussman, Stefan D. Zhou, Yan Butelman, Eduardo R. |
| Copyright Year | 2012 |
| Abstract | Addictive diseases, including addiction to heroin, prescription opioids, or cocaine, posemassive personal and public health costs. Addictions are chronic relapsing diseases of thebrain caused by drug-induced direct effects and persisting neuroadaptations at the epigenetic,mRNA, neuropeptide, neurotransmitter, or protein levels. These neuroadaptations, which can bespecific to drug type, and their resultant behaviors are modified by various internal andexternal environmental factors, including stress responsivity, addict mindset, and socialsetting. Specific gene variants, including variants encoding pharmacological target proteins orgenes mediating neuroadaptations, also modify vulnerability at particular stages of addiction.Greater understanding of these interacting factors through laboratory-based and translationalstudies have the potential to optimize early interventions for the therapy of chronic addictivediseases and to reduce the burden of relapse. Here, we review the molecular neurobiology andgenetics of opiate addiction, including heroin and prescription opioids, and cocaineaddiction. |
| Related Links | http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci60390 |
| Ending Page | 3393 |
| Page Count | 7 |
| Starting Page | 3387 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00219738 |
| e-ISSN | 15588238 |
| Journal | The Journal of Clinical Investigation |
| Issue Number | 10 |
| Volume Number | 122 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Society for Clinical Investigation |
| Publisher Date | 2012-10-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights Holder | American Society for Clinical Investigation |
| Subject Keyword | Medicine(all) Research in Higher Education |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Medicine |
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