NDLI: Genome-Based Cluster Deletion Reveals an Endocrocin Biosynthetic Pathway in Aspergillus fumigatus

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Lim, Fang Yun Hou, Yanpeng Chen, Yiming Oh, Jee-hwan Lee, Inhyung Bugni, Tim S. Keller, Nancy P.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Endocrocin is a simple anthraquinone frequently identified in extracts of numerous fungi. Several biosynthetic schemes for endocrocin synthesis have been hypothesized, but to date, no dedicated secondary metabolite gene cluster that produces this polyketide as its major metabolite has been identified. Here we describe our biosynthetic and regulatory characterization of the endocrocin gene cluster in Aspergillus fumigatus. This is the first report of this anthraquinone in this species. The biosynthetic genes required for endocrocin production are regulated by the global regulator of secondary metabolism, LaeA, and encode an iterative nonreducing polyketide synthase (encA), a physically discrete metallo-β-lactamase type thioesterase (encB), and a monooxygenase (encC). Interestingly, the deletion of a gene immediately adjacent to encC, termed encD and encoding a putative 2-oxoglutarate-Fe(II) type oxidoreductase, resulted in higher levels of endocrocin production than in the wild-type strain, whereas overexpression of encD eliminated endocrocin accumulation. We found that overexpression of the encA transcript resulted in higher transcript levels of encA-D and higher production of endocrocin. We discuss a model of the enc cluster as one evolutionary origin of fungal anthraquinones derived from a nonreducing polyketide synthase and a discrete metallo-β-lactamase-type thioesterase.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07710-11
Ending Page	4125
Page Count	9
Starting Page	4117
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00992240
e-ISSN	10985336
Journal	Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	78
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Microbiology
Publisher Date	2012-06-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	American Society for Microbiology
Subject Keyword	Biotechnology Food Science Ecology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecology Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology

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