NDLI: Biomechanical activation of vascular endothelium as a determinantof its functional phenotype

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Guillermo, García-cardeña Jason, Comander Anderson, Keith R. Blackman, Brett R. Gimbrone, Michael A.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	One of the striking features of vascular endothelium, thesingle-cell-thick lining of the cardiovascular system, is itsphenotypic plasticity. Various pathophysiologic factors, such ascytokines, growth factors, hormones, and metabolic products, canmodulate its functional phenotype in health and disease. In addition tothese humoral stimuli, endothelial cells respond to their biomechanicalenvironment, although the functional implications of this biomechanicalparadigm of activation have not been fully explored. Here we describe ahigh-throughput genomic analysis of modulation of gene expressionobserved in cultured human endothelial cells exposed to two welldefined biomechanical stimuli—a steady laminar shear stress and aturbulent shear stress of equivalent spatial and temporal averageintensity. Comparison of the transcriptional activity of 11,397 uniquegenes revealed distinctive patterns of up- and down-regulationassociated with each type of stimulus. Cluster analyses oftranscriptional profiling data were coupled with other molecular andcell biological techniques to examine whether these global patterns ofbiomechanical activation are translated into distinct functionalphenotypes. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy of structural andcontractile proteins revealed the formation of a complex apicalcytoskeleton in response to laminar shear stress. Cell cycle analysisdocumented different effects of laminar and turbulent shear stresses oncell proliferation. Thus, endothelial cells have the capacity todiscriminate among specific biomechanical forces and to translate theseinput stimuli into distinctive phenotypes. The demonstration thathemodynamically derived stimuli can be strong modulators ofendothelial gene expression has important implications for ourunderstanding of the mechanisms of vascular homeostasis andatherogenesis.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.071052598
Ending Page	4485
Page Count	8
Starting Page	4478
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	98
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2001-04-10
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	National Academy of Sciences
Subject Keyword	General Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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