NDLI: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is blocked prior to reverse transcription and integration in freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes.

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The human cytomegalovirus UL94 open reading frame encodes a conserved herpesvirus capsid/tegument-associated virion protein that is expressed with true late kinetics.

Genomic quasispecies associated with the initiation of infection and disease in ponies experimentally infected with equine infectious anemia virus.

Transforming properties of the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus oncoproteins Le6 and SE6 and of the E8 protein.

Identification of a highly conserved sequence element at the 3' terminus of hepatitis C virus genome RNA.

The vaccinia virus 4c and A-type inclusion proteins are specific markers for the intracellular mature virus particle.

Inhibition of human and simian immunodeficiency virus protease function by targeting Vpx-protease-mutant fusion protein into viral particles.

Targeting human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase by intracellular expression of single-chain variable fragments to inhibit early stages of the viral life cycle.

Folding, assembly, and intracellular trafficking of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein analyzed with monoclonal antibodies recognizing maturational intermediates.

Identification of Simian virus 40 promoter DNA sequences capable of conferring restriction endonuclease hypersensitivity.

Plasmid-like replicative intermediates of the Epstein-Barr virus lytic origin of DNA replication.

Exceptional fusogenicity of Chinese hamster ovary cells with murine retroviruses suggests roles for cellular factor(s) and receptor clusters in the membrane fusion process.

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Nucleoplasmic and nucleolar distribution of the adenovirus IVa2 gene product.

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Repression of the alpha0 gene by ICP4 during a productive herpes simplex virus infection.

Regulated, stable expression and nuclear presence of retrovirus double-stranded RNA-binding protein sigma3 in HeLa cells.

Mutational analysis of human papillomavirus type 11 E5a oncoprotein.

An N-terminal deletion mutant of simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen oligomerizes incorrectly on SV40 DNA but retains the ability to bind to DNA polymerase alpha and replicate SV40 DNA in vitro.

Identification and characterization of the pseudorabies virus UL3.5 protein, which is involved in virus egress.

Identification and characterization of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 gp150: a virion membrane glycoprotein.

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Complete nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of snakehead fish retrovirus.

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Cellular or viral protein binding to a cytomegalovirus promoter transcription initiation site: effects on transcription.

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Second locus involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to protease inhibitors.

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Structure-function analysis of soluble forms of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D.

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Avian retroviral RNA element promotes unspliced RNA accumulation in the cytoplasm.

Adenovirus E4 open reading frame 4 protein autoregulates E4 transcription by inhibiting E1A transactivation of the E4 promoter.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is blocked prior to reverse transcription and integration in freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes.

Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase in trans during virion release and after infection.

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Gene transfer into mammalian cells by a Rous sarcoma virus-based retroviral vector with the host range of the amphotropic murine leukemia virus.

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cis-Acting signals that promote genome replication in rotavirus mRNA.

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Costimulation of cytokine gene expression in T cells by the human T leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 trans activator Tax.

Repression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat-driven gene expression by binding of the virus to its primary cellular receptor, the CD4 molecule.

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Chimeric hepatitis B virus core particles as probes for studying peptide-integrin interactions.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat variants from 42 patients representing all stages of infection display a wide range of sequence polymorphism and transcription activity.

Sequence tags of provirus integration sites in DNAs of tumors induced by the murine retrovirus SL3-3.

mRNA export correlates with activation of transcription in human subgroup C adenovirus-infected cells.

A human cell line selected for resistance to adenovirus infection has reduced levels of the virus receptor.

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Human isolates of dengue type 1 virus induce apoptosis in mouse neuroblastoma cells.

Oral inoculation with herpes simplex virus type 1 infects enteric neuron and mucosal nerve fibers within the gastrointestinal tract in mice.

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Inactivated bovine herpesvirus 1 induces apoptotic cell death of mitogen-stimulated bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

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Processing in the pestivirus E2-NS2 region: identification of proteins p7 and E2p7.

Cloning, expression and characterization of the proteinase from human herpesvirus 6.

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Maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells persistently infected with murine coronavirus.

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A plasmid-based reverse genetics system for influenza A virus.

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication is blocked prior to reverse transcription and integration in freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes.

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Sonza, S. Maerz, A. Deacon, N. Meanger, J. Mills, J. Crowe, S.
Abstract	Peripheral blood monocytes are resistant to productive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in vitro immediately after isolation. No viral cDNA (either early or late transcripts) was detected by PCR in monocytes exposed to virus on the day of isolation. In contrast, in monocytes cultured for as little as 1 day, initiated and completed reverse transcripts were readily detectable within 24 h of infection with both HIV-1(Ba-L) and primary isolates. The levels of initiated, partially completed, and completed viral DNA copies found 24 h after infection increased progressively with time in culture before infection. Unlike quiescent T lymphocytes, there appeared to be no block or delay in the integration of viral DNA into the genome of susceptible cultured monocytes. With an Alu-PCR method designed to specifically detect proviral DNA being used, integration events were found within 24 h of infection in monocytes cultured for a day or more after isolation. No integration signal was found in freshly isolated monocytes up to 7 days following exposure to the virus. Cloning and sequencing of Alu-PCR-amplified DNA confirmed integration in HIV-1-infected cultured monocytes. Our finding that in vitro replication of HIV-1 is clearly blocked prior to the initiation of reverse transcription in freshly isolated peripheral blood monocytes suggests that these cells may not be susceptible to infection in vivo. Further studies to clarify this possibility and the nature of the block to infection should provide useful information for treatment strategies against HIV-1.
Starting Page	3863
File Format	PDF
ISSN	10985514
e-ISSN	10985514
Journal	Journal of Virology
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	70
Language	English
Publisher Date	1996-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Immunology Microbiology Insect Science

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