NDLI: Mechanism of platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor and microparticle formation under high shear stress

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Reininger, Armin J. Heijnen, Harry F. G. Schumann, Hannah Specht, Hanno M. Schramm, Wolfgang Ruggeri, Zaverio M.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	We describe here the mechanism of platelet adhesion to immobilized von Willebrand factor (VWF) and subsequent formation of platelet-derived microparticles mediated by glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) under high shear stress. As visualized in whole blood perfused in a flow chamber, platelet attachment to VWF involved one or few membrane areas of 0.05 to 0.1 μm2 that formed discrete adhesion points (DAPs) capable of resisting force in excess of 160 pN. Under the influence of hydrodynamic drag, membrane tethers developed between the moving platelet body and DAPs firmly adherent to immobilized VWF. Continued stretching eventually caused the separation of many such tethers, leaving on the surface tube-shaped or spherical microparticles with a diameter as low as 50 to 100 nm. Adhesion receptors (GPIbα, αIIbβ3) and phosphatidylserine were expressed on the surface of these microparticles, which were procoagulant. Shearing platelet-rich plasma at the rate of 10 000 s–1 in a cone-and-plate viscosimeter increased microparticle counts up to 55-fold above baseline. Blocking the GPIb-VWF interaction abolished microparticle generation in both experimental conditions. Thus, a biomechanical process mediated by GPIbα-VWF bonds in rapidly flowing blood may not only initiate platelet arrest onto reactive vascular surfaces but also generate procoagulant microparticles that further enhance thrombus formation.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-02-0618
Ending Page	3545
Page Count	9
Starting Page	3537
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00064971
e-ISSN	15280020
Journal	Blood
Issue Number	9
Volume Number	107
Language	English
Publisher	The American Society of Hematology
Publisher Date	2006-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	The American Society of Hematology
Subject Keyword	Immunology Cell Biology Biochemistry Hematology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Hematology Biochemistry Immunology

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