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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | L’édition 2015 des Perspectives de l’emploi de l’OCDE propose un examen approfondi de l’évolution récente du marché du travail et de ses perspectives à court terme dans les pays de l'OCDE. Une majorité croissante de pays ont recours à des systèmes de salaire minimum afin d’augmenter les revenus dans la partie inférieure de la distribution des salaires. S’il est fixé à un niveau adéquat, un salaire minimum obligatoire permet effectivement d’accroître les revenus des bas salaires, mais c’est un instrument trop générique pour lutter contre la pauvreté, à moins qu’il ne soit efficacement associé à d’autres mesures telles que des prestations liées à l’exercice d’un emploi ou des crédits d’impôt. De nouveaux résultats tirés de l’Enquête internationale de l’OCDE sur les compétences des adultes montrent que les différences de niveau d’inégalité entre les pays en matière de qualifications, le degré d’utilisation des compétences au travail et les avantages salariaux liés aux compétences expliquent pour une large part les écarts de niveau d’inégalités salariales à l’échelle internationale. Des politiques d’activation peuvent contribuer à créer un marché du travail plus inclusif, pour autant que les mesures prises pour motiver les demandeurs d’emploi, améliorer leur employabilité et élargir leurs perspectives d’emploi soient bien coordonnées. L’évaluation à plus long terme de la qualité des emplois montre dans quelle mesure les mouvements ascendants et descendants sur l’échelle des revenus et les mouvements entre emploi et chômage atténuent à tout moment certains des écarts de revenu. Cependant, les risques de chômage chronique et de salaire faible sont extrêmement concentrés. La qualité des emplois dans les économies émergentes est particulièrement faible, mais des politiques visant à faire passer les actifs d’un emploi informel à un emploi formel peuvent contribuer à l’améliorer. |
| Page Count | 330 |
| ISSN | 19991274 |
| e-ISBN | 9789264235359 |
| e-ISBN | 9789264244924 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2015-09-30 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Employment Social Issues/Migration/Health |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Book |
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