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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Le système actuel de fédéralisme budgétaire crée des déséquilibres entre l’administration fédérale (désignée par « pouvoir fédéral » en Belgique) et les entités fédérées (déséquilibre vertical) et entre les différentes entités fédérées (déséquilibre horizontal). En l’absence de réformes, le déséquilibre vertical s’accentuera dans la mesure où la charge budgétaire lié au vieillissement de la population incombe principalement à l’échelon fédéral. La réforme devrait donc renforcer la capacité fiscale de l’administration fédérale en améliorant ses sources de recettes et en transférant une partie des obligations de dépenses aux entités fédérées. Le déséquilibre entre régions résulte du manque de cohérence entre fiscalité et dépenses. Les recettes partagées au titre de l’impôt sur le revenu des personnes physiques sont attribuées à la région de résidence, et la région du lieu de travail n’en bénéficie pas, ce qui pénalise particulièrement la région de Bruxelles-Capitale. On pourrait supprimer ce déséquilibre en attribuant à la région du lieu de travail une proportion plus élevée de l’impôt partagé sur le revenu des personnes physiques. Par ailleurs, il faudrait réorganiser le système des subventions de péréquation pour inciter les régions bénéficiaires à développer leurs propres bases de recettes. La performance du système budgétaire s’améliorerait également à la faveur d’une efficience accrue des dépenses dans les domaines d’intérêt national qui ont été attribués aux entités fédérées ou dans lesquels il existe des chevauchements de compétences, qu’il s’agisse des politiques de l’emploi, de la R-D, de la formation, de l’éducation, de l’énergie ou de l’environnement. |
| Page Count | 27 |
| Starting Page | 67 |
| Ending Page | 88 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2009-07-08 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Economics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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