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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Kurzlebige Klimaschadstoffe sind Chemikalien, die nur wenige Tage oder höchstens wenige Jahrzehnte in der Atmosphäre verbleiben. Dazu gehören Rußpartikel (bzw. Ruß, der z.B. bei Holzfeuerung freigesetzt wird), Methan (bei der Öl- und Gasförderung und von Siedlungsabfällen) und troposphärisches Ozon (von Kraftfahrzeugen). Neben der Tatsache, dass es starke Treibhausgase sind, handelt es sich um gefährliche Luftschadstoffe mit verschiedenen schädlichen Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit, die Landwirtschaft und die Ökosysteme. Dennoch wird die Öffentlichkeit für die von diesen Chemikalien ausgehende Gefahr wenig sensibilisiert. Maßnahmen zur Verringerung kurzlebiger Klimaschadstoffe stellen u.U. die einzige Möglichkeit dar, die globale und regionale Erwärmung auf kurze Sicht (10-30 Jahre) zu verlangsamen und gleichzeitig einen unmittelbaren Nutzen für die Luftqualität herbeizuführen. In diesem Kapitel führt die Autorin Beispiele für laufende Initiativen an, um diese Schadstoffe zu reduzieren und den Entwicklungsländern gleichzeitig Nutzeffekte zu bringen. Viele dieser Maßnahmen sind kostengünstig, da die anfänglichen Investitionen durch die Kostenersparnis in der Folgezeit kompensiert werden, z.B. durch den geringeren Brennstoffverbrauch oder den Einsatz von rückgewonnenem Methan. Globale Aktionen sind erforderlich, um das Bewusstsein zu schärfen, nationale und regionale Initiativen zu ermöglichen und zu fördern sowie die allgemeine Umsetzung von Maßnahmen zur Reduktion kurzlebiger Klimaschadstoffe zu unterstützen. Im März 2012 gründeten Schweden, Bangladesch, Kanada, Ghana, Mexiko und die Vereinigten Staaten die Koalition für Klima und saubere Luft (Climate and Clean Air Coalition), eine globale Partnerschaft, die den Entwicklungsländern dabei hilft, ihre Anstrengungen zur Bekämpfung kurzlebiger Klimaschadstoffe zu intensivieren. |
| Page Count | 9 |
| Starting Page | 99 |
| Ending Page | 107 |
| Language | German |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2013-06-21 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Development |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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