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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Genitourinary Cancers: Treatment Indications, Investigational Approaches and Biomarkers
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Labadie, Brian W. Balar, Arjun V. Luke, Jason J. |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Cancers of the genitourinary (GU) tract are common malignancies in both men and women and are a major source of morbidity and mortality. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting CTLA-4, PD-1 or PD-L1 have provided clinical benefit, particularly in renal cell and urothelial carcinoma, and have been incorporated into standard of care treatment in both localized and metastatic settings. However, a large fraction of patients do not derive benefit. Identification of patient and tumor-derived factors which associate with response have led to insights into mechanisms of response and resistance to ICI. Herein, we review current approvals and clinical development of ICI in GU malignancies and discuss exploratory biomarkers which aid in personalized treatment selection. |
| Starting Page | 5415 |
| e-ISSN | 20726694 |
| DOI | 10.3390/cancers13215415 |
| Journal | Cancers |
| Issue Number | 21 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-10-28 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Cancers Urology and Nephrology Immunotherapy Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Genitourinary Cancer Kidney Prostate Testicular Bladder Cancer |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
