NDLI: Economic Freedom, Education and $CO_{2}$ Emissions: A Causality Analysis for EU Member States

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Economic Freedom, Education and $CO_{2}$ Emissions: A Causality Analysis for EU Member States

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Sart, Gamze Bayar, Yilmaz Danilina, Marina Sezgin, Funda Hatice
Copyright Year	2022
Description	Environmental sustainability is one of three pillars of sustainability. However, a significant worldwide deterioration in the environment has been experienced since the Industrial Revolution, but the efforts to protect the environment date back to the 1970s. In this context, many economic and non-economic factors underlying environmental degradation have been investigated until today, but the influence of economic freedom indicators and education on the environment have been relatively less analyzed and the researchers have mainly focused on the influence of economic and institutional variables on the environment. Therefore, this paper investigates the reciprocal interplay among economic freedom indicators, education, and environment in EU member states over the 2000–2018 term by using a causality test with cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity and taking the research gap into consideration. The causality analysis indicates that market-oriented economic structure and education can be beneficial in combatting environmental degradation.
Starting Page	8061
e-ISSN	16604601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19138061
Journal	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Issue Number	13
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2022-06-30
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Environmental Engineering Economic Freedom Government Size International Trade Freedom Education Environmental Sustainability Co2 Emissions Panel Causality Test
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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