NDLI: Zeaxanthin, a Molecule for Photoprotection in Many Different Environments

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Zeaxanthin, a Molecule for Photoprotection in Many Different Environments

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Marina, López-Pozo Demmig-Adams, Barbara Stewart, Jared J. Polutchko, Stephanie K. Adams, William W.
Copyright Year	2020
Description	Conversion of sunlight into photochemistry depends on photoprotective processes that allow safe use of sunlight over a broad range of environmental conditions. This review focuses on the ubiquity of photoprotection associated with a group of interconvertible leaf carotenoids, the xanthophyll cycle. We survey the striking plasticity of this process observed in nature with respect to (1) xanthophyll cycle pool size, (2) degree and speed of interconversion of its components, and (3) flexibility in the association between xanthophyll cycle conversion state and photoprotective dissipation of excess excitation energy. It is concluded that the components of this system can be independently tuned with a high degree of flexibility to produce a fit for different environments with various combinations of light, temperature, and other factors. In addition, the role of genetic variation is apparent from variation in the response of different species growing side-by-side in the same environment. These findings illustrate how field studies can generate insight into the adjustable levers that allow xanthophyll cycle-associated photoprotection to support plant photosynthetic productivity and survival in environments with unique combinations of environmental factors.
Starting Page	5825
e-ISSN	14203049
DOI	10.3390/molecules25245825
Journal	Molecules
Issue Number	24
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2020-12-10
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Molecules Plant Sciences Carotenoid Chlorophyll Fluorescence Energy Dissipation Lutein Human Nutrition Non-photochemical Quenching Photoprotection Violaxanthin Xanthophyll Cycle
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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