NDLI: Nasal and Salivary Mucosal Humoral Immune Response Elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Compared to SARS-CoV-2 Natural Infection

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Nasal and Salivary Mucosal Humoral Immune Response Elicited by mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Compared to SARS-CoV-2 Natural Infection

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Guerrieri, Mariapia Francavilla, Beatrice Fiorelli, Denise Nuccetelli, Marzia Passali, Francesco Maria Coppeta, Luca Somma, Giuseppina Bernardini, Sergio Magrini, Andrea Girolamo, Stefano Di
Copyright Year	2021
Description	SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays are crucial in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are well known to induce a serum antibody responses against the spike protein and its RBD. Mucosal immunity plays a major role in the fight against COVID-19 directly at the site of virus entry; however, vaccine abilities to elicit mucosal immune responses have not been reported. We detected anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA-S1 and IgG-RBD in three study populations (healthy controls, vaccinated subjects, and subjects recovered from COVID-19 infection) on serum, saliva, and nasal secretions using two commercial immunoassays (ELISA for IgA-S1 and chemiluminescent assay for IgG-RBD). Our results show that the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech, New York, NY, USA) determines the production of nasal and salivary IgA-S1 and IgG-RBD against SARS-CoV-2. This mucosal humoral immune response is stronger after the injection of the second vaccine dose compared to subjects recovered from COVID-19. Since there is a lack of validated assays on saliva and nasal secretions, this study shows that our pre-analytical and analytical procedures are consistent with the data. Our findings indicate that the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine elicits antigen-specific nasal and salivary immune responses, and that mucosal antibody assays could be used as candidates for non-invasive monitoring of vaccine-induced protection against viral infection.
Starting Page	1499
e-ISSN	2076393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines9121499
Journal	Vaccines
Issue Number	12
Volume Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-12-18
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Vaccines Immunology Iga Nasal Salivary Sars-cov-2 Vaccine Mucosal Immunity Bnt162b2 Covid-19 Igg-rbd
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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