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| Content Provider | Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Kuhn-Nentwig, Lucia Fedorova, Irina M. Lüscher, Benjamin P. Kopp, Lukas S. Trachsel, Christian Schaller, Johann Vu, Xuan Lan Seebeck, Thomas Streitberger, Kathrin Nentwig, Wolfgang Sigel, Erwin Magazanik, Lev G. |
| Abstract | CsTx-1, the main neurotoxic acting peptide in the venom of the spider Cupiennius salei, is composed of 74 amino acid residues, exhibits an inhibitory cysteine knot motif, and is further characterized by its highly cationic charged C terminus. Venom gland cDNA library analysis predicted a prepropeptide structure for CsTx-1 precursor. In the presence of trifluoroethanol, CsTx-1 and the long C-terminal part alone (CT1-long; Gly-45–Lys-74) exhibit an α-helical structure, as determined by CD measurements. CsTx-1 and CT1-long are insecticidal toward Drosophila flies and destroys Escherichia coli SBS 363 cells. CsTx-1 causes a stable and irreversible depolarization of insect larvae muscle cells and frog neuromuscular preparations, which seem to be receptor-independent. Furthermore, this membranolytic activity could be measured for Xenopus oocytes, in which CsTx-1 and CT1-long increase ion permeability non-specifically. These results support our assumption that the membranolytic activities of CsTx-1 are caused by its C-terminal tail, CT1-long. Together, CsTx-1 exhibits two different functions; as a neurotoxin it inhibits L-type Ca2+ channels, and as a membranolytic peptide it destroys a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell membranes. Such a dualism is discussed as an important new mechanism for the evolution of spider venomous peptides. |
| Related Links | http://www.jbc.org/content/287/30/25640.abstract |
| Ending Page | 25649 |
| Starting Page | 25640 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 00219258 |
| Journal | Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC) |
| Issue Number | 30 |
| Volume Number | 287 |
| DOI | 10.1074/jbc.M112.339051 |
| e-ISSN | 1083351X |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
| Publisher Date | 2012-07-20 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Antimicrobial Peptides Calcium Channels Membrane Neurotoxin Peptides Calliphora Larvae Muscle Preparation CsTx-1 L-type Ca2+ Channel Inhibitor Xenopus Oocytes Cytolytic Activity Membrane Biology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology |
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