NDLI: One-third probability embedding: a new ±1 histogram compensating image least significant bit steganography scheme

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Sarreshtedari, Saeed Akhaee, Mohammad Ali
Abstract	A new method is introduced for the least significant bit (LSB) image steganography in spatial domain providing the capacity of one bit per pixel. Compared to the recently proposed image steganography techniques, the new method called one-third LSB embedding reduces the probability of change per pixel to one-third without sacrificing the embedding capacity. This improvement results in a better imperceptibility and also higher robustness against well-known LSB detectors. Bits of the message are carried using a function of three adjacent cover pixels. It is shown that no significant improvement is achieved by increasing the length of the pixel sequence employed. A closed-form expression for the probability of change per pixel in terms of the number of pixels used in the pixel groups has been derived. Another advantage of the proposed algorithm is to compensate, as much as possible, for any changes in the image histogram. It has been demonstrated that one-third probability embedding outperforms histogram compensating version of the LSB matching in terms of keeping the image histogram unchanged.
Starting Page	78
Ending Page	89
Page Count	12
ISSN	17519659
Volume Number	8
e-ISSN	17519667
Issue Number	Issue 2, Feb (2014)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-ipr/8/2
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-ipr.2013.0109
Journal	IET Image Processing
Publisher Date	2013-10-21
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Closed-form Expression Computer Vision And Image Processing Technique Cryptography Data Security Histogram Compensating Image Least Significant Bit Steganography Scheme Image And Video Coding Image Coding Image Enhancement Image Histogram LSB Image Steganography One-third LSB Embedding One-third Probability Embedding Pixel Sequence Probability Spatial Domain Statistics Steganography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software

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