NDLI: Facial expression recognition considering individual differences in facial structure and texture

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Yi, Jizheng Mao, Xia Chen, Lijiang Xue, Yuli Compare, Angelo
Abstract	Facial expression recognition (FER) plays an important role in human–computer interaction. The recent years have witnessed an increasing trend of various approaches for the FER, but these approaches usually do not consider the effect of individual differences to the recognition result. When the face images change from neutral to a certain expression, the changing information constituted of the structural characteristics and the texture information can provide rich important clues not seen in either face image. Therefore it is believed to be of great importance for machine vision. This study proposes a novel FER algorithm by exploiting the structural characteristics and the texture information hiding in the image space. Firstly, the feature points are marked by an active appearance model. Secondly, three facial features, which are feature point distance ratio coefficient, connection angle ratio coefficient and skin deformation energy parameter, are proposed to eliminate the differences among the individuals. Finally, a radial basis function neural network is utilised as the classifier for the FER. Extensive experimental results on the Cohn–Kanade database and the Beihang University (BHU) facial expression database show the significant advantages of the proposed method over the existing ones.
Starting Page	429
Ending Page	440
Page Count	12
ISSN	17519632
Volume Number	8
e-ISSN	17519640
Issue Number	Issue 5, Oct (2014)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-cvi/8/5
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-cvi.2013.0171
Journal	IET Computer Vision
Publisher Date	2014-01-27
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Active Appearance Model Beihang University Facial Expression Database BHU Facial Expression Database Classifier Cohnâ€“Kanade Database Computer Vision And Image Processing Technique Connection Angle Ratio Coefficient Face Image Face Recognition Facial Expression Recognition Facial Feature Facial Structure Facial Texture Feature Extraction Feature Point Distance Ratio Coefficient FER Algorithm Human Computer Interaction Humanâ€“computer Interaction Image Classification Image Recognition Image Space Image Texture Machine Vision Neural Computing Technique Radial Basis Function Network Radial Basis Function Neural Network Skin Skin Deformation Energy Parameter Structural Characteristic Texture Information Hiding User InterFace
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software

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