NDLI: Design, realisation and evaluation of a liquid hollow torso phantom appropriate for wearable antenna assessment

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Tsolis, Aris Paraskevopoulos, Anastasios Alexandridis, Antonis A. Whittow, William G. Chauraya, Alford Vardaxoglou, John ( Yiannis) C.
Abstract	This study examines the design, realisation and evaluation of a lightweight and low cost hollow oval cross-section torso phantom appropriate for wearable antenna performance assessment. The phantom consists of an empty inner space (hollow) surrounded by a shell with double plastic walls between which there is a tissue simulating liquid. The phantom's plastic shell is made of a low loss cast acrylic and the liquid is a commercially available one with properties calibrated for the frequency range of 2–6 GHz. The proposed phantom is compared, through simulations, with a full liquid torso phantom and a heterogeneous anthropomorphic voxel phantom. In addition, the fabricated phantom is compared with human bodies and a homogeneous anthropomorphic solid phantom, through measurements. The phantom performance is tested in terms of electric field distribution of a wearable antenna on its surface and the path loss between two wearable antennas, on either side of the phantom. It is proved that the hollow phantom performance approximates the full liquid phantom when an RF absorbing material is placed in the central hollow region. The phantom performance in terms of S 11 wearable antenna measurements is evaluated and found in good agreement with real human bodies in the examined frequency range (2–6 GHz). The far-field wearable antenna performance of the proposed phantom shows deviation in gain <1.5 dB, compared with anthropomorphic phantom.
Starting Page	1308
Ending Page	1316
Page Count	9
ISSN	17518725
Volume Number	11
e-ISSN	17518733
Issue Number	Issue 9, Jul (2017)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-map/11/9
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-map.2016.0235
Journal	IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation
Publisher Date	2017-04-21
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Absorbing Media Double-plastic Walls Electric Field Distribution Far-field Wearable Antenna Performance Full Liquid Torso Phantom Heterogeneous Anthropomorphic Voxel Phantom Hollow Oval Cross-section Torso Phantom Homogeneous Anthropomorphic Solid Phantom Liquid Hollow Torso Phantom Path Loss RF Absorbing Material Single Antenna Tissue Simulating Liquid Wearable Antenna Wearable Antenna Assessment Wearable Antenna Performance Assessment
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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