NDLI: Indoor-to-outdoor empirical path loss modelling for femtocell networks at 0.9, 2, 2.5 and 3.5 GHz using singular value decomposition

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Allen, Ben Mahato, Shyam Gao, Yuteng Salous, Sana
Abstract	Two empirical indoor-to-outdoor path loss models to facilitate femtocell network deployment are derived from continuous wave power measurements. A large set of indoor–outdoor transmitter locations in two residential streets in an urban setting and operating at 900 MHz, 2 GHz, 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz have been used to derive the model parameters by using singular value decomposition (SVD). The path loss models have been compared and validated against existing models as well as independent measurement data and good comparison is shown. The root mean square error of the residual path loss data obtained from the measurement data, which directly relates to the channel shadowing characteristics, is compared and validated with known results and has led to new model parameters being proposed. The expressions derived from the modelling can be used in system-level simulators, as well as for shadowing interference analysis of two-tier heterogeneous networks operating in indoor–outdoor scenarios at or close to the operating frequencies considered. In this study, the models extend the operating frequency range compared to related models and introduce SVD as a convenient means of deriving parameters from measured path loss data.
Starting Page	1203
Ending Page	1211
Page Count	9
ISSN	17518725
Volume Number	11
e-ISSN	17518733
Issue Number	Issue 9, Jul (2017)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-map/11/9
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-map.2016.0416
Journal	IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation
Publisher Date	2017-03-17
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Channel Shadowing Characteristic Continuous Wave Power Measurement Degree of Freedom Electromagnetic Compatibility Femtocell Network Deployment Femtocellular Radio Frequency 0.9 GHz Frequency 2 GHz Frequency 2.5 GHz Frequency 3.5 GHz Indoor Radio Indoor-to-outdoor Empirical Path Loss Modelling Indoor–outdoor Transmitter Location Interference Interpolation And Function Approximation Key Parameter Linear Algebra Mean Square Error Method Mobile Radio System Numerical Analysis Probability Probability Density Function Radio Frequency Interference Radio Transmitters Residual Error Residual Path Loss Root Mean Square Error Singular Value Decomposition Standard Deviation Statistics SVD System-level Simulator Two-tier Heterogeneous Network Interference Analysis Urban Setting Wireless Channel
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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