NDLI: Matrix embedding in steganography with binary Reed

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Yang, Tingya Chen, Houshou
Abstract	This study presents a modified majority-logic decoding algorithm of Reed–Muller (RM) codes for matrix embedding (ME) in steganography. An ME algorithm uses linear block code to improve the embedding efficiency in steganography. The optimal embedding algorithm in steganography is equivalent to the maximum likelihood decoding (MLD) algorithm in error-correcting codes. The main disadvantage of ME is that the equivalent MLD algorithm of lengthy embedding codes requires highly complex embedding. This study used RM codes to embed data in binary host images. The authors propose a novel low-complexity embedding algorithm that uses a modified majority-logic algorithm to decode RM codes, in which a message-passing algorithm (i.e. sum-product, min-sum, or bias propagation) is performed on the highest order of information bits in the RM codes. The experimental results indicate that integrating bias propagation into the proposed scheme achieves superior embedding efficiency (relative to when the sum-product or min-sum algorithm is used) and can even achieve the embedding bound of RM codes.
Starting Page	522
Ending Page	529
Page Count	8
ISSN	17519659
Volume Number	11
e-ISSN	17519667
Issue Number	Issue 7, Jul (2017)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-ipr/11/7
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-ipr.2016.0655
Journal	IET Image Processing
Publisher Date	2017-05-04
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Binary Codes Binary Reed–Muller Codes Code Cryptography Error Correcting Code Linear Block Code Majority-logic Algorithm Matrix Embedding Maximum Likelihood Decoding Algorithm Message Passing Modified Majority-logic Decoding Algorithm Steganography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Signal Processing Electrical and Electronic Engineering Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Software

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Modified majority logic decoding of Reed–Muller codes using factor graphs

Performance of Reed-Muller codes and a maximum-likelihood decoding algorithm for OFDM

Simple MAP decoding of first-order Reed-Muller and Hamming codes

Jointly optimized multiple Reed-Muller codes for wireless half-duplex coded-cooperative network with joint decoding

On the Decoding Process in Ternary Error-Correcting Output Codes

Critical point for maximum likelihood decoding of linear block codes

Baseline parity-check matrix for iterative soft-decision decoding of binary cyclic codes

Enhanced Message Passing in Turbo Product Code

Determination of the Local Weight Distribution of Binary Linear Block Codes

Matrix embedding in steganography with binary Reed–Muller codes

Similar Documents

Modified majority logic decoding of Reed–Muller codes using factor graphs

Performance of Reed-Muller codes and a maximum-likelihood decoding algorithm for OFDM

Simple MAP decoding of first-order Reed-Muller and Hamming codes

Jointly optimized multiple Reed-Muller codes for wireless half-duplex coded-cooperative network with joint decoding

On the Decoding Process in Ternary Error-Correcting Output Codes

Critical point for maximum likelihood decoding of linear block codes

Baseline parity-check matrix for iterative soft-decision decoding of binary cyclic codes

Enhanced Message Passing in Turbo Product Code

Determination of the Local Weight Distribution of Binary Linear Block Codes

Matrix embedding in steganography with binary Reed–Muller codes