NDLI: Renewable Energy as a Tool to Assure Continuity of Low Emissions in the Brazilian Electric Power Sector

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Pereira, O.S. Reis, T.M. de Araujo, R.G.B. Gongalves, F.F.
Copyright Year	2006
Description	Author affiliation: Univ. Salvador, Salvador (Pereira, O.S.; Reis, T.M.; de Araujo, R.G.B.; Gongalves, F.F.)
Abstract	In the Brazilian Electric Sector more than 80% of its installed capacity is based on hydro and biomass energy. A new legal framework has imposed roles for renewable sources of energy, establishing that 10% of electric power must come from these sources over the next twenty years. Historically, hydro power has been the key source of electricity in Brazil. In spite of this, due to restructuring of the sector during the nineties, both natural gas and nuclear energy have become increasingly significant sources. Coal is still widely utilized in the southern part of the country. However, due to its predominately hydro nature, the system's operation is centralized and its dispatching optimized, with hydro and nuclear energy as low-costlmust-run sources, and natural gas and coal, which because of some local electrical inflexibilities and being more expensive fall into second place behind the must run sources. In April 2002, Brazilian Congress approved a law which created a stick and carrot policy to put the development of renewable energy (wind, biomass and small hydro) on the national agenda. The established policy was to be carried out in two phases, with the compulsory purchase by Eletrobras of 3,300 MW of these sources up to 2006, and another additional 15% of the market annual expansion, with the goal of reaching 10% of the market supplied by those three sources in 20 years. At the same time, a levy on tariffs was also created with the same law, to allow Eletrobras to cover the difference between the generation costs of competitive sources and the costs of these new sources During 2004 and 2005 the law was regulated by electricity regulatory agency and the federal government established different cap prices for each technology. Several regulations were passed and an auction in two phases was implemented in order to reach the designated goal of 3,300 MW. Mandatory dispatching of energy from these sources was included in the contracts, assuring it to be dispatched whenever it is available, so displacing thermal plants with higher operating marginal costs. Following the auction, 144 projects were contracted and the estimated energy was around 13,500 GWh. Projects were proportionately distributed among geographical regions. The bulk of the projects were able to avoid the emission of 2.8 million tonnes C02 per year, since due to technical characteristics and legal definitions, all of them are must run sources, avoiding the necessity to dispatch any thermal energy. These preliminary estimates of C02 reduction, based on Approved Consolidated Methodology 002 (UNFCCC), can produce, in terms of carbon credits, between 10 to 15% in the volume of the required subsidy introduced by the previously mentioned law.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	8
File Size	136310
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	1424402182
DOI	10.1109/EICCCC.2006.277208
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2006-05-10
Publisher Place	Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Reneable energy Costs Green house gas Law Renewable energy resources Biomass Brazilian electricity sector Wind energy US Government Dispatching Incentive Policies Legal factors Natural gas Power generation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Renewable energy as a tool to assure continuity of a low emission Brazilian electric power sector — Results of an aggressive renewable energy policy

Wind generation development In the US and China

Green power: a renewable energy resources marketing plan

Analysis of renewable promotional policies and their current status in Indian restructured power sector

Potential for Electricity Generation from Emerging Renewable Sources in Canada

Flexible electric vehicle (EV) charging to meet renewable portfolio standard (RPS) mandates and minimize green house Gas emissions

Quantification of emission reduction from electricity network with the integration of renewable resources

Sustainable energy and distributed generation scenario in the Brazilian electricity sector

Study on the marketing mode of green power

Renewable Energy as a Tool to Assure Continuity of Low Emissions in the Brazilian Electric Power Sector

Similar Documents

Renewable energy as a tool to assure continuity of a low emission Brazilian electric power sector — Results of an aggressive renewable energy policy

Wind generation development In the US and China

Green power: a renewable energy resources marketing plan

Analysis of renewable promotional policies and their current status in Indian restructured power sector

Potential for Electricity Generation from Emerging Renewable Sources in Canada

Flexible electric vehicle (EV) charging to meet renewable portfolio standard (RPS) mandates and minimize green house Gas emissions

Quantification of emission reduction from electricity network with the integration of renewable resources

Sustainable energy and distributed generation scenario in the Brazilian electricity sector

Study on the marketing mode of green power

Renewable Energy as a Tool to Assure Continuity of Low Emissions in the Brazilian Electric Power Sector