NDLI: Data Hiding Using Flexible Multi-bit MER

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Rong-Jian Chen Yu-Cha Chen Jui-Lin Lai Shi-Jinn Horng
Copyright Year	2013
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Eng., Nat. Taiwan Univ. of Sci. & Tech., Taipei, Taiwan (Shi-Jinn Horng) \|\| Dept. of Electron. Eng., Nat. United Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan (Rong-Jian Chen; Yu-Cha Chen; Jui-Lin Lai)
Abstract	Multi-bit minimum error replacement (MER) is a method that can embed multi-bit logo/secret data into k least-significant bits (LSBs) of cover data only introduces minimum embedding error (MEE). However, k-LSBs MER suffers from weak robustness. Moreover, it is unfortunate because no literature discusses the formulations and the properties of multi-bit MEE up to this day. Therefore, this work proposes a novel new multi-bit MERs with flexible bit location (multi-bit MER_FBL) to overcome the problem of robustness. This work also illustrates the formulations and properties of MEEs in the multi-bit MER_FBL. The MEE can be easily and determinedly evaluated using the proposed formulations and properties. The proposed multi-bit MER_FBL embeds and hides multi-bit (k-bit, k≥1) logo/secret data into any adjoining (starting with the $i^{th}$ location) k-bit $b_{i}b_{i-1}⋯b_{i-k+1}$ of cover data only introduces MEE in the range 0 of $±(2^{k}-1)2^{i-k};$ moreover, its flexible bit location enhances the embedded robustness as robustness increases as the order (location) of embedding bits increases. As the proposed multi-bit MER_FBL can embed multi-bit logo/secret data into any adjoining bits of cover data and has MEE and high robustness, this method was applied for the steganographic and watermarking applications and achieves good embedding quality.
Starting Page	24
Ending Page	31
File Size	623691
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
e-ISBN	9781467353144
DOI	10.1109/ISBAST.2013.7
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2013-07-02
Publisher Place	China
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Algorithm design and analysis minimum-error replacement data hiding multi-bit embedding flexible bit location Watermarking steganographgy watermarking Histograms Three-dimensional displays Robustness Software Hardware
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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