NDLI: Synthesis and decoding of emotionally expressive music performance

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Bresin, R. Friberg, A.
Copyright Year	1999
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Speech, Music & Hearing, R. Inst. of Technol., Stockholm, Sweden (Bresin, R.)
Abstract	A recently developed application of Director Musices (DM) is presented. The DM is a rule-based software tool for automatic music performance developed at the Speech Music and Hearing Dept. at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. It is written in Common Lisp and is available both for Windows and Macintosh. It is demonstrated that particular combinations of rules defined in the DM can be used for synthesizing performances that differ in emotional quality. Different performances of two pieces of music were synthesized so as to elicit listeners' associations to six different emotions (fear, anger, happiness, sadness, tenderness, and solemnity). Performance rules and their parameters were selected so as to match previous findings about emotional aspects of music performance. Variations of the performance variables IOI (Inter-Onset Interval), OOI (Offset-Onset Interval) and L (Sound Level) are presented for each rule-setup. In a forced-choice listening test 20 listeners were asked to classify the performances with respect to emotions. The results showed that the listeners, with very few exceptions, recognized the intended emotions correctly. This shows that a proper selection of rules and rule parameters in DM can indeed produce a wide variety of meaningful, emotional performances, even extending the scope of the original rule definition.
Starting Page	317
Ending Page	322
File Size	574337
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780357310
ISSN	1062922X
DOI	10.1109/ICSMC.1999.812420
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1999-10-12
Publisher Place	Japan
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Decoding Multiple signal classification Delta modulation Emotion recognition Speech synthesis Auditory system Music Timbre Application software Software tools
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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