NDLI: Acoustic modelling of dolphin sound reception and implications for biosonar design

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Graf, S. Blondel, P. Megill, W.M. Clift, S.E.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom (Blondel, P.) \|\| Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom (Graf, S.; Megill, W.M.; Clift, S.E.)
Abstract	Odontocetes use active sonar for echolocation, navigation and socialisation. Their sonar is characterised by narrow transmission and reception directivity patterns, over a variety of ranges and frequencies. Typical echolocation clicks of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) last between 50–200 µs, with a broad frequency range of ∼100–170 kHz depending on circumstances. These characteristics are very attractive for the design of bio-inspired sonars, but the actual mechanisms of sound reception are not well understood. Physiological and behavioural evidence suggests that dolphins hear the echoes of their high-frequency clicks through their lower jaws. The angular precision predicted by this theory is however much less than dolphins have been observed to display. A recent hypothesis is that the teeth also play a part in sound reception, acting as a passive beam-forming structure. This paper presents 2-D models of acoustic propagation in a dolphin jaw, based on real measurements, and shows the importance of multiple scattering between teeth, potential masking effects, and the match between theoretical directivity and that observed in the field. We use these results to look at the implications for realistic biosonar design.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	6
File Size	1511426
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424425228
DOI	10.1109/OCEANSE.2009.5278265
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-05-11
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Dolphins Teeth Acoustic measurements Sonar navigation Frequency Acoustic propagation Sonar detection Position measurement Mechanical engineering Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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