NDLI: A statistical approach for optimal watermark coefficients extraction in HVS-based blind watermarking system

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Choi, B.C. Seo, D.I.
Copyright Year	2005
Description	Author affiliation: Information Security Res. Div., Electron. & Telecommun. Res. Inst. (Choi, B.C.; Seo, D.I.)
Abstract	In this paper, we make a study of the statistical approach for optimal watermark coefficients in HVS-based blind watermarking system and experiment in proposed TSDA (Two-Step Detection Algorithm) watermarking system. The watermark gain, alpha is optimized in robustness, invisibility, and capacity. We extract a watermark gain, alpha considering that BER is less than 20%, MPSNR is more than 43 dB (or PSNR is more than 38 dB), and C(capacity) is half of the full capacity of image. This optimal watermark gain, alpha, improve the performance of watermark systems. TSDA consists of two processes. In embedding, each bit is inserted in a PN spreading pattern in 12 positions of DCT coefficients of an 8times8 block. In detection process, a preliminary decision is obtained by correlation matching and then verified by choosing the more similar spreading pattern with the restored one. Most of bit errors are corrected in verification process. The proposed method has been tested for several test images, with attacks including lowpass/median filtering and JPEG compression, but excluding geometrical RST attacks. After verification, BER reduces to 0.5% with no attack. Even under heavy JPEG compression, BER stays lower than 9%. Compared with other methods, the proposed method - optimal watermark and TSDA - is better in watermark detection
Sponsorship	IEEE Comm. Soc. (IEEE ComSoc) IEEE Region 10 and IEEE Daejeon Sect. Open Stand. and Internet Assoc. (OSIA) Korean Inst. of Comm. Sci. (KICS) Korea Info-comm. infrastructure Forum (KIF) IEEK Comm. Soc. (IEEK ComSoc)
Starting Page	1085
Ending Page	1088
File Size	636979
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
DOI	10.1109/ICACT.2005.246147
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-02-21
Publisher Place	South Korea
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	National Computerization Agency
Subject Keyword	Watermarking Bit error rate Testing Transform coding Image coding Detection algorithms Robustness PSNR Performance gain Discrete cosine transforms
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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