NDLI: Effective dielectric constants of melting hydrometeors and their use in radar bright-band models

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Meneghini, R. Liao, L. Iguchi, T.
Copyright Year	1998
Description	Author affiliation: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA (Meneghini, R.)
Abstract	Melting snow particles have been modeled either as uniform mixtures of air-ice-water or as concentric or confocal spheroids consisting of a dry snow core surrounded by water or a wet snow mixture. In the case of a uniform mixture, the effective dielectric constant, /spl epsiv//sub eff/ is usually obtained by an application either of the Maxwell Garnett or the Bruggeman formula. In this paper an alternative formulation is investigated that expresses /spl epsiv//sub eff/ in terms of the ratios of the mean fields in the air, ice and water. Although the mean field ratios can be computed numerically, the computational time needed to generate the results for different fractional contents and frequencies is prohibitive. To circumvent this problem the field ratios for water and ice are first parameterized in fractional melt water and frequency, next, the Debye formula is used to estimate the field ratio for ice and air. Although some accuracy is sacrificed, the formulation is relatively easy to compute for any air-ice-water uniform mixture for wavelengths between 3 mm to 30 mm. The formulas for /spl epsiv//sub eff/ can be tested using dual-wavelength radar data. Using these radar data in the snow just above the melting layer a 2 parameter snow size distribution can be estimated if the snow density is assumed. Having obtained the size distribution, a melting layer model and /spl epsiv//sub eff/ is used estimate the dual-wavelength profiles within the melting layer. To do these tests the Maxwell Garnett as well as the present formulas for /spl epsiv//sub eff/ are used.
Starting Page	147
Ending Page	149
File Size	283477
Page Count	3
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780344030
DOI	10.1109/IGARSS.1998.702829
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1998-07-06
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Dielectric constant Radar Snow Ice Frequency estimation Testing Integral equations Dielectric materials Maxwell equations Writing
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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