| Abstract |
In the world, the territorial risk is increasingly characterized by joint presence of multiple risks, both natural and anthropogenic. Natural hazards include: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods, landslides, coastal erosion, subsidence, water shortages and avalanches. The major anthropic risks are: terrorism, CBRN risk, big event and urban crisis, the industrial-technological risk, the interface and forest fire risk, the environmental risk and also health risk. Today, the modern society are formed by a great complexity of networks and systems. Continuous supply of essential services (i.e. electricity, transport, health care, emergency, banking and financial system) is increasingly a fundamental and concrete need. In all industrialized countries, this complexity has been shown to have a significant effects on the welfare of citizens, social organization, economy and territorial security. In fact, a partial or total detriment of the networks and systems' capacity can have a debilitating impact on society, on defense and security both locally and nationally for the Domino effect. Obviously, if the cities are densely populated this problem is amplified. Finally, the interdependence between networks and urban system is made possible by the rapid growth and integration of infrastructure and telecommunications. If this has improved the lives of citizens, has also made the entire system more delicate and vulnerable. To mitigate this risk profile and optimizing the prevention and mitigation actions and to counteract the consequences of such events, there are some key elements: i) monitoring and control of infrastructures and territory, ii) the adoption of appropriate emergency and contingency plans, iii) the increasing the resilience, iv) the implementation of security policies for public/private partnership but overall, v) the proper management of information. This is important to achieve a holistic, integrated, comprehensive and multidimensional approach during crisis or emergencies. To achieve this new way to deal with the crisis/emergency event, we must take both a technological and organizational change and evolution of the general architecture of the system. So we can built an homogenous and collaborative environment that allow us to create an institutional, geographical, technical and operational connectivity and the concretization of a rational, consistent and interoperable response. Therefore, we need to built a integrated chain of acquisition, organization and management of data and information coming from the entire territory passing through the use of an integration strategy among space, airborne and ground data acquisition systems. In this way, we can achieve a high level of detail. This is allowed because the data, the information and images of the event, may not only be manipulated, analyzed and displayed, but also converted and used as data input to system such as Geographic Information System (GIS) and Common Operational Picture (COP). So, the decision makers can get an overview of operational framework of the event and may also share this vision with different institutions, structures and organizations. They can be supported in the characterization and management of crisis or emergency and also in collaborative planning. |
