NDLI: Refresh rate modulation for perceptually optimized computer graphics

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Smith, Jeffrey Booth, Thomas Bailey, Reynold
Copyright Year	2014
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York, U.S.A. (Smith, Jeffrey; Booth, Thomas; Bailey, Reynold)
Abstract	The application of human visual perception models to remove imperceptible components in a graphics system, has been proven effective in achieving significant computational speedup. Previous implementations of such techniques have focused on spatial level of detail reduction, which typically results in noticeable degradation of image quality. We introduce Refresh Rate Modulation (RRM), a novel perceptual optimization technique that produces better performance enhancement while more effectively preserving image quality and resolving static scene elements in full detail. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique, we have developed a graphics framework that interfaces with eye tracking hardware to take advantage of user fixation data in real-time. Central to the framework is a high-performance GPGPU ray-tracing engine. RRM reduces the frequency with which pixels outside of the foveal region are updated by the ray-tracer. A persistent pixel buffer is maintained such that peripheral data from previous frames provides context for the foveal image in the current frame. Applying the RRM technique to the ray-tracing engine results in a speedup of 3.2 (260 fps vs. 82 fps at 1080p) for the classic Whitted scene without secondary rays and a speedup of 6.3 (119 fps vs. 19 fps at 1080p) with them. We also observe a speedup of 2.8 (138 fps vs. 49 fps at 1080p) for a high-polygon scene that depicts the Stanford Bunny. A user study indicates that RRM achieves these results with minimal impact to perceived image quality. We also investigate the performance benefits of increasing physics engine error tolerance for bounding volume hierarchy based collision detection when the scene elements involved are in the user's periphery. For a scene with a static high-polygon model and 50 moving spheres, a speedup of 1.8 was observed for physics calculations.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	9
File Size	1133824
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9789897580789
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-01-05
Publisher Place	Portugal
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	SCITEPRESS
Subject Keyword	Computational modeling Graphics processing units Modulation Real-time Eye-tracking Ray tracing Rendering (computer graphics) Real-time systems Ray-tracing Kernel
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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