NDLI: Near field energy densities of hand-held transceivers

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Chesworth, E.T.
Copyright Year	1989
Description	Author affiliation: Seven Mountains Sci. Inc., Boalsburg, PA, USA (Chesworth, E.T.)
Abstract	Calculations are presented that indicate with reasonable accuracy that hand-held transmitter-receiver units used by amateur radio operators, although excluded from ANSI Standard C95.1-1982 protection guidelines, may be a radiation hazard. The transmitters generate between 1 and 5 W of radiofrequency power and operate at the 2-m, 75-cm, and other UHF bands. These units use short spiral (rubber ducky) antennas that are held near the face during transmissions. Although no calculations or measurements give unequivocal values for the electromagnetic energy in the near-field, energy densities in the induction fields (within the head of the user) may be an order of magnitude greater than ANSI protection guidelines. This analysis indicates that it is not prudent to hold the transceiver four or five inches from the face, as is normally done. Certainly it should not be held against the cheek. It is recommended instead that a hand-held transceiver be held at arm's length when transmitting.<>
Starting Page	182
Ending Page	185
File Size	279995
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
DOI	10.1109/NSEMC.1989.37176
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1989-05-23
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Transceivers Protection Guidelines Ham radios ANSI standards Hazards Radio transmitters Power generation Radio frequency Spirals
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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